A Review on the Emerging Asian Aquaculture Fish, the Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides): Current Status and the Way Forward

Abstract

The Malaysian mahseer (Tor tambroides) is a sport, ornamental and food all-in-one treasured aquaculture fish member of the Cyprinidae family. However, this freshwater riverine species is currently under the threats of habitat degradation and overfishing, apart from its poorly documented taxonomy. Despite its socio-economic significance, taxonomy confusion and conservation inadequacy, the knowledge gaps in some fields like the genomic landscape and biology are yet to be filled. In this comprehensive review, we presented an overview of all the past and current T. tambroides related research fields, namely morphology, population genetics, growth environment, reproduction, diet and nutrition, metagenome, mitogenome as well as conservation. Furthermore, we have included some future perspectives and recommendations for the advancement of the respective fields. It is anticipated that this review would be of great benefit to those planning to consolidate resources and work in tandem to pace the conservation and fish farming industry improvement endeavours.

Whole-genome sequencing of Pseudomonas koreensis isolated from diseased Tor tambroides

“…T. tambroides is one of the exemplary candidate species for aquaculture. In recent years, this sh species has attracted considerable attention [12][13][14][15]. Due to its high economic importance, the occurrence of diseases can lead to huge economic losses.…”

Host associated probiotics improve growth performance, biochemical composition, tissue histomorphology, and enhance protection against pathogenic bacteria in Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambroides juveniles

“…However, conventional probiotics used in aquaculture are from terrestrial origins such as Bacillus sp. culture and lactic acid bacteria isolated from dairy products, but recent attention has been given towards the use of host associated probiotic (HAPs) which is mainly isolated from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of sh and its aquatic environment (Lazado et The dietary supplemental use of probiotics in uence growth performance and chemical composition of sh (Allameh et The Malaysian Mahseer, is a valuable, endangered, and vulnerable cyprinid species due to their high demand as food and ornamental sh as well as in sport sheries (Esa et al 2008;Lau et al 2021).…”

“…Previous studies on broodstock maturation and juvenile culture have highlighted the potential of T. tambroides as an emerging aquaculture species Lau et al 2021). The bene ts of dietary probiotic on T. tambroides culture have potential to in uence growth performance with high potential for aquaculture and have drawn the attention from the perspectives of consumer demand and for conservation value ), while the species maintains high demand as both a game, and ornamental sh in Malaysia.…”

The Effect of Different Concentration of Probiotics (Lacto-sacc) Mixtures on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Empurau (Tor tambroides) Fingerlings

“…Tor tambroides, also known as Empurau and Malaysian mahseer, is the most valuable riverine shes in Southeast Asia (Lau et al 2021). It has great commercial and conservation value, with signi cant potential in aquaculture due to high prices, high market demand, and high esh quality.…”