A review on the evaluation of the potential utilization of construction and demolition waste in hot mix asphalt pavements

Waste materials in highway applications: An overview on generation and utilization implications on sustainability

“…Most of these wastes are renewable resources and generally less costly because they are often locally sourced and manufactured (Al-Sabaeei et al, 2020); they are eco-friendly and consume less energy compared to conventional pavement materials (Balaguera et al, 2018;Li et al, 2019;Som e et al, 2016). The ever-rising demand for bitumen and other natural materials for highway applications, fluctuating costs of petroleum-based asphalts, and the necessity to improve eco-friendly practices has been consequential in the steady efforts aimed at developing alternative highway materials; as such, utilizing the selected waste materials can improve the effectiveness road construction in terms of costs and performance (Al-Sabaeei et al, 2020;Fernandes et al, 2019;Gedik, 2020). Waste materials naturally convert CO 2 and as such, free greenhouse gases.…”

“…The presence of moisture and compounds of high volatility is dependent on the waste material's source; this phenomenon is also a limitation in the replacement of asphalt with bio-oil-based binders. Also the adoption of non-standardized traditional techniques for appraisal, which may not properly represent the real-time resistance to moisture of these alternatives is serious challenge; as such, new and reliable methods, such as surface-free energy should be encouraged (Al-Sabaeei et al, 2020;Cuadri et al, 2015;Gedik, 2020).…”

“…Under varying conditions, the long-standing ageing performance of waste-based asphalt should be evaluated (Al-Sabaeei et al, 2020). Further studies targeted towards the reduction of the ageing of asphalts composed of each selected waste assessed in this study must be undertaken to understand the critical quantity of each waste material that may result in blend incompatibility; the mass loss in polymerization during the sequence of ageing of waste-based binders must be determined (Gedik, 2020). Also, the visco-elastic behavior of waste-based asphalt binders, including the thermal and chemical parameters, developed under various techniques should be comparatively assessed to aid in the development of a more suitable method for producing high-grade waste-based asphalts.…”

Construction and demolition waste as recycled aggregate for environmentally friendly concrete paving

“…Nowadays, CDW has been successfully recycled as base and sub-base of road construction (Poon and Chan 2006a;Tavakoli Mehrjardi et al 2020;Zhang et al 2021), paving projects (Arulrajah et al 2014;Gedik 2020;Özalp et al 2016), footpaths projects (Arulrajah et al 2013;Arulrajah et al 2016;Pourkhorshidi et al 2020) and pipe-bedding projects (Arulrajah et al 2017;Rahman et al 2014;Taha et al 2002). Nevertheless, it is still necessary to develop new applications for the manufacture of new products, by developing originals processes, by seeking and finding new markets in order to absorb and reduce the vast volume of CDW worldwide production, and furthermore, to comply with the objective established by EU (Commission Consequently, previous studies using RA obtained from CDW have developed new applications mainly focused on the use of these sorts of materials as NA replacement in concrete production (Falek et al 2017;Favaretto et al 2017;Ibrahim et al 2020;Idagu 2017;Lau et al 2014;Martín-Morales et al 2011;Rao et al 2007;Robalo et al 2021;Tabsh and Abdelfatah 2009;Sharmal and Singla 2014;Silva et al 2014;Yang et al 2011) and concrete materials manufacturing, i.e., concrete bricks (Contreras et al 2016;Devi et al 2020;Poon et al 2002;Rodríguez et al 2016;Sadek et al 2013;Silva et al 2019) and concrete block (Kumar et al 2020;Leiva et al 2013;López et al 2018;Poon et al 2002Poon et al , 2009…”

“…Nowadays, CDW has been successfully recycled as base and sub-base of road construction (Poon and Chan 2006a ; Tavakoli Mehrjardi et al 2020 ; Zhang et al 2021 ), paving projects (Arulrajah et al 2014 ; Gedik 2020 ; Özalp et al 2016 ), footpaths projects (Arulrajah et al 2013 ; Arulrajah et al 2016 ; Pourkhorshidi et al 2020 ) and pipe-bedding projects (Arulrajah et al 2017 ; Rahman et al 2014 ; Taha et al 2002 ). Nevertheless, it is still necessary to develop new applications for the manufacture of new products, by developing originals processes, by seeking and finding new markets in order to absorb and reduce the vast volume of CDW worldwide production, and furthermore, to comply with the objective established by EU (Commission Decision 2014/955/EU of 18 December 2014; Directives 2000/532/EC of 3 May 2020 , 2008/98/EC of 19 November 2008).…”