A Review on the Role of Laparoscopy in Abdominal Trauma

Abstract

Background:The trauma victims are considered the top critical patients and require a rapid decision in the management. As the main fear is bleeding, so most of them ended having laparotomy, although almost 40% ended having a less invasive management like using laparoscopy. Materials and methods:The use of laparoscopy as a diagnostic (with the facility to be used as a therapeutic) option at the same setting can be considered a very good tool provided the patient is hemodynamically stable. Classically, standard three ports (extraport can be added according to therapeutic technique) are used. Most of the intestinal, mesenteric and diaphragmatic injuries can be detected and repaired successfully as well as some parenchymal injuries, provided not bleeding actively and, if necessary, using some tissue adhesives. Results:The laparoscopic technique as a diagnostic as well as therapeutic tool (in some cases) can be used safely and with fewer complications as it reduces the significant number of negative laparotomies.Conclusion: An access to the abdominal cavity laparoscopically can achieve good results in hemodynamically stable patients and avoids the morbidities related to laparotomy, decreases hospital stay and considered as a cost-effective tool.