A Review on X-ray Detection Using Nanomaterials

Luo, Zhiping; Moch, John G.; Johnson, Shardai S.; Chen, Chien Chon

doi:10.2174/1573413713666170329164615

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Additionally, in previous studies, ZnO nanostructures displayed defect emission complex decay behaviors with fast time dynamics [ 18 , 34 ]. Nanometric systems are characterized by a significant degree of defectiveness mainly because of their high surface-to-volume ratio [ 59 ]. Interfaces increase disorder, leading to the formation of surface related defect centers, like dangling bonds, hydroxo or peroxo linkages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology Related Defectiveness in ZnO Luminescence: From Bulk to Nano-Size

et al. 2020

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This study addresses the relationship between material morphology (size, growth parameters and interfaces) and optical emissions in ZnO through an experimental approach, including the effect of different material dimensions from bulk to nano-size, and different excitations, from optical sources to ionizing radiation. Silica supported ZnO nanoparticles and ligand capped ZnO nanoparticles are synthesized through a sol–gel process and hot injection method, respectively. Their optical properties are investigated by radioluminescence, steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence, and compared to those of commercial micrometric powders and of a bulk single crystal. The Gaussian spectral reconstruction of all emission spectra highlights the occurrence of the same emission bands for all samples, comprising one ultraviolet excitonic peak and four visible defect-related components, whose relative intensities and time dynamics vary with the material parameters and the measurement conditions. The results demonstrate that a wide range of color outputs can be obtained by tuning synthesis conditions and size of pure ZnO nanoparticles, with favorable consequences for the engineering of optical devices based on this material.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology Related Defectiveness in ZnO Luminescence: From Bulk to Nano-Size

et al. 2020

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“…Inorganic scintillators are characterized as materials that typically contain elements with high atomic number (Z) and exhibit short attenuation length. Inorganic solid scintillators offer excellent stopping power for the ionizing radiation, and they produce optical signals that can be detected with sensitive photodetectors and fast electronics [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on X-ray Excited Emission Decay Dynamics in Inorganic Scintillator Materials

Kumar

Luo

2021

Photonics

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Scintillator materials convert high-energy radiation into photons in the ultraviolet to visible light region for radiation detection. In this review, advances in X-ray emission dynamics of inorganic scintillators are presented, including inorganic halides (alkali-metal halides, alkaline-earth halides, rare-earth halides, oxy-halides, rare-earth oxyorthosilicates, halide perovskites), oxides (binary oxides, complex oxides, post-transition metal oxides), sulfides, rare-earth doped scintillators, and organic-inorganic hybrid scintillators. The origin of scintillation is strongly correlated to the host material and dopants. Current models are presented describing the scintillation decay lifetime of inorganic materials, with the emphasis on the short-lived scintillation decay component. The whole charge generation and the de-excitation process are analyzed in general, and an essential role of the decay kinetics is the de-excitation process. We highlighted three decay mechanisms in cross luminescence emission, exitonic emission, and dopant-activated emission, respectively. Factors regulating the origin of different luminescence centers controlling the decay process are discussed.

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“…The measured XBIC signal is finally determined by the convolution of the detector resolution and the spot size of the focused hard X-ray nanobeam. Nanowire-based hard X-ray detectors were already reported with outstanding performance in terms of spatial resolution and XBIC efficiency compared to their bulk counterparts [23][24][25] . In particular, a spatial resolution of 0.51 µm was achieved for InP nanowires 23 , much higher than in conventional detectors with pixel sizes of tens of microns 26 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot electrons in a nanowire hard X-ray detector

et al. 2020

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Nanowire chip-based electrical and optical devices such as biochemical sensors, physical detectors, or light emitters combine outstanding functionality with a small footprint, reducing expensive material and energy consumption. The core functionality of many nanowire-based devices is embedded in their p-n junctions. To fully unleash their potential, such nanowire-based devices require – besides a high performance – stability and reliability. Here, we report on an axial p-n junction GaAs nanowire X-ray detector that enables ultra-high spatial resolution (~200 nm) compared to micron scale conventional ones. In-operando X-ray analytical techniques based on a focused synchrotron X-ray nanobeam allow probing the internal electrical field and observing hot electron effects at the nanoscale. Finally, we study device stability and find a selective hot electron induced oxidization in the n-doped segment of the p-n junction. Our findings demonstrate capabilities and limitations of p-n junction nanowires, providing insight for further improvement and eventual integration into on-chip devices.

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A Review on X-ray Detection Using Nanomaterials

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Morphology Related Defectiveness in ZnO Luminescence: From Bulk to Nano-Size

Morphology Related Defectiveness in ZnO Luminescence: From Bulk to Nano-Size

A Review on X-ray Excited Emission Decay Dynamics in Inorganic Scintillator Materials

Hot electrons in a nanowire hard X-ray detector

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