A Runway Overrun Risk Assessment Model for Civil Aircraft Based on Quick Access Recorder Data

Abstract

The quick access recorder (QAR), as an airborne device used to monitor and record flight parameters, has been widely installed on various types of aircraft. Based on QAR data, research on runway overrun, a typical flight safety incident, has attracted widespread attention in recent years. However, existing runway overrun risk models generally suffer from oversimplified risk metrics or insufficient consideration of risk dynamics. In this paper, we propose a new dynamic runway overrun risk assessment model based on QAR data. We first consider the noise of aircraft trajectory data in the QAR parameters and present a landing trajectory correction method combining ground speed and runway position information. Second, to improve the accuracy of the risk assessment model, we design an algorithm to automatically recognize the aircraft autobrake level during the landing phase, based on which a new dynamic risk assessment model is developed. Finally, feature engineering is performed to extract the relevant contributing factors of runway overrun risk, based on which classification and regression models are applied to identify risky flights and predict the risk values. The proposed risk assessment model was evaluated using QAR data from an airline in China. The results show that the automatic deceleration rate, the way that the aircraft approaches the runway, the touchdown distance, and the kinetic energy at 50 ft are key factors in the risk of runway overrun during the landing phase.

Impacts of Flight Operations on the Risk of Runway Excursions

“…They found that flare operations have a significant impact on landing distance and vertical landing acceleration. Li et al [8] proposed a landing trajectory correction method that integrates ground speed and runway position information. They established a dynamic off-runway risk assessment model based on QAR data, uncovering key factors related to off-runway risk during the landing phase.…”

“…Another category of research focuses on the analysis of exceedance events and the study of distances and landing trajectories in runway excursions based on Quick Access Recorder (QAR) data [7][8][9]. In the context of runway excursion research, there has been limited utilization of QAR data for operational risk analysis.…”