A screening study of elemental composition in 12 marketable mushroom species accessible in Poland

Abstract

Elemental composition was highly species-specific and did not follow a taxonomical pattern on the family level. As revealed, G. frondosa contained high concentrations of minerals (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, P and Zn). Most of the studied mushrooms were characterized by a relatively high level of PGEs. Serious food contaminants such as Al, As, Cd and Pb were within safety limits set by the FAO/WHO. Additionally, the study presented Andrews curves as a convenient tool to analyze trends on multidimensional data on chemical composition.

Rare earth elements concentration in mushroom cultivation substrates affects the production process and fruit‐bodies content of Pleurotus ostreatus and Cyclocybe cylindracea

“…Similarly, much higher concentrations ( ca . 20× to 200×) were detected for Gd, Ho, Nd, Pr and U in C. cylindracea from China cultivated in sawdust; in this particular case, only La values were similar to those measured in fruit‐bodies in this study . Such notable differences could possibly be attributed to the type/nature and origin of substrates used for mushroom production, which resulted in hyperaccumulation of REEs in the final product.…”

“…In contrast, no significant correlation was established for any REE in P. ostreatus. Recent studies of the elemental composition of various cultivated mushrooms, which included the determination of REEs in one C. cylindracea and several P. ostreatus samples, 15,16,18 provided higher to much higher values for certain elements. Hence, the concentrations of Eu, Er, Lu, Nd, Th, Tm and U were more than 50 times higher in P. ostreatus mushrooms cultivated in Poland in comparison to the respective values reported in the present study, whereas similar or slightly superior values were measured for Ce, La, Sc, and Y.…”

“…20× to 200×) were detected for Gd, Ho, Nd, Pr and U in C. cylindracea from China cultivated in sawdust; in this particular case, only La values were similar to those measured in fruit-bodies in this study. 16 Such notable differences could possibly be attributed to the type/nature and origin of substrates used for mushroom production, which resulted in hyperaccumulation of REEs in the final product. In those particular studies, measurements of REEs were performed on P. ostreatus and C. cylindracea mushrooms derived from substrates consisting of wheat-straw and sawdust from Poland and China respectively.…”

“…14 Recently, the content of several REEs was measured in various cultivated mushrooms. [15][16][17][18] However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report so far on the concentration of REEs both in cultivated mushrooms or on the corresponding content in their production substrates. Moreover, no information exists on the effect of REEs in individual stages of the biological cycle of fungi, let alone on the cultivation process and composition of edible mushrooms.…”

“…12 The highest EDI values reported so far in wild mushrooms were recorded in Poland, where the respective values ranged from 0.295 μg kg −1 day −1 in Piptoporus betulinus to 2.515 μg kg −1 day −1 in Suillus luteus. 39 On the other hand, the outcome of recent studies on a wide range of cultivated mushrooms [15][16][17][18] evidenced much higher concentrations for certain REEs (especially Nd), and therefore this type of food could be considered as a significant dietary source of such elements.…”