A search and rescue robot design based on LiDAR technology

Abstract

For a long time, search and rescue operations during natural disasters and man-made catastrophes have been a major challenge. Due to the rapidly changing environment in disasters, deploying rescue teams for search missions entails significant risks. With advancements in technology, the latest innovations can be applied to search and rescue tasks to reduce these risks. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensors can be installed on unmanned search and rescue vehicles to explore the space. This article utilizes solid-state LiDAR technology, along with various algorithms like SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) and EKF (Extended Kalman Filter), to design a remotely controlled unmanned exploration vehicle. By capturing point cloud data, it enables modelling and recording of indoor or outdoor spaces, allowing for space exploration and the identification of trapped individuals and other important rescue-related information before rescue personnel enter the premises. This significantly reduces the risks and time involved in search and rescue operations. The prototype vehicle designed in this paper possesses the advantages of low cost and high flexibility, making it feasible for direct deployment after minor optimization. Finally, the author provides a summary and outlook for this research.