A search for anomalous hydrogen in enriched D2O, using a time-of-flight spectrometer

Smith, P. F.; Bennett, J.R.J.; Homer, G.J.; Lewin, J.D.; Walford, H.E.; Smith, Wilson A.

doi:10.1016/0550-3213(82)90271-1

Cited by 165 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…There are strict constraints on n 1 /n H based on hydrogen anomalous isotope searches in sea water. These constraints set an upper limit for n 1 /n H at 10 −29 − 10 −28 [54]. However, it has been speculated that due to the heaviness of the millicharged particles, anomalous isotopes might concentrate at larger depths inside the oceans.…”

Section: B Anomalous Isotope Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite millicharged dark matter

Kouvaris¹

2013

Phys. Rev. D

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We study a composite millicharged dark matter model. The dark matter is in the form of pionlike objects emerging from a higher scale QCD-like theory. We present two distinct possibilities with interesting phenomenological consequences based on the choice of the parameters. In the first one, the dark matter is produced non-thermally and it could potentially account for the 130 GeV Fermi photon line via decays of the "dark pions". We estimate the self-interaction cross section which might play an important role both in changing the dark matter halo profile at the center of the galaxy and in making the dark matter warmer. In the second version the dark matter is produced via the freeze-in mechanism. Finally we impose all possible astrophysical, cosmological and experimental constraints. We study in detail generic constraints on millicharged dark matter that can arise from anomalous isotope searches of different elements and we show why constraints based on direct searches from underground detectors are not generally valid. Preprint: CP 3 -Origins-2013-15 DNRF90 & DIAS-2013

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Section: B Anomalous Isotope Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite millicharged dark matter

Kouvaris¹

2013

Phys. Rev. D

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“…Although it is convenient to present these limits in one figure, we caution that there is only a weak relationship between the limits set by these searches, which are based on very different sets of assumptions. For example, by far the most stringent limits have been set on +1e charged, hydrogen-like strangelets [6]. However, the non-existence of +1e charged strangelets does not automatically rule out the existence of strangelets of higher charges.…”

Section: Past Searchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smith et al [6] took advantage of the existing industrial scale heavy-water enrichment facility. Starting from 1.2×10 8 l of natural water, 2×10 -5 l of D 2 O sample was extracted with multi-step electrolysis, first in a factory and then in the laboratory.…”

Section: Mass Spectrometry (Ms) 2 Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We caution that there is only a weak relationship between the limits set by these searches, which are based on very different sets of assumptions. The methods used are: mass spectrometry [6]; accelerator mass spectrometry [7,8,15,17]; density [6]; laser spectroscopy [14,18]; Rutherford back scattering [9]; γ-ray emission [13]. RBS [9] GRE [13] 2 H density [6] Na Laser [18] Au AMS [8] Fe [8] Be AMS [7] 2 H AMS [7] Li [7] B [7] F [7] 18 O [7] 14 C [7] He [14] 244 Pu RBS [9] 18 O [17] Be [15] Li [15] 2.2 Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), 2 H, Be, Li, B, F, 18 O, 14 C The low background achieved in the previous low-energy (10-100 keV) mass analysis is only feasible with +1e charged particle due to the complete absence of mass isobars.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Searches for stable strangelets in ordinary matter: overview and a recent example

Müller

O’Connor

et al. 2005

Nuclear Physics A

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Our knowledge on the possible existence in nature of stable exotic particles depends solely upon experimental observation. Guided by this general principle and motivated by theoretical hypotheses on the existence of stable particles of strange quark matter, a variety of experimental searches have been performed. We provide an introduction to the theoretical hypotheses, an overview of the past searches, and a more detailed description of a recent search for helium-like strangelets in the Earth's atmosphere using a sensitive laser spectroscopy method. Is it possible that ordinary nuclear matter that we are familiar with is actually metastable and slowly decaying into quark matter of lower energy? Many hypotheses have been proposed addressing this question. Bodmer first proposed a lower-energy nuclear state, which he called "collapsed nuclei" [1]. Witten investigated the stability of strange quark matter, which consists of approximately equal number of u, d and s quarks in a hadronic state, and reached the intriguing conclusion that it may indeed be stable even at zero external pressure [2]. A particle of strange quark matter is called a "strangelet". Searches for such exotic matter have been performed in astronomical observation, in cosmic rays, in heavy-ion collisions, and in chemical analyses of ordinary matter. Several excellent review articles on this subject are available [3][4][5]. Here we focus on one aspect of the subject: the experimental searches for stable strangelets in ordinary matter. In Section 1, we provide a brief pedagogical introduction to strange quark matter and strangelets; in Section 2, we review the past searches; in Section 3, we present our recent search for helium-like strangelets in the Earth's atmosphere.

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“…Both direct searches for dark matter and searches for anomalously heavy seawater [52] preclude dark matter from having SU(3) C charge. This places strong limits on the mass of any new stable colored particle; gluinos, for example, can evade cosmological bounds only if their masses are less than about a TeV [39], and seawater tests may lower the allowed mass to ∼ 100 GeV.…”

Section: Jhep01(2011)013mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable colored particles R-SUSY relics or not?

Buckley

Echenard

Kahawala

et al. 2011

J. High Energ. Phys.

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R-hadrons are only one of many possible stable colored states that the LHC might produce. All such particles would provide a spectacular, if somewhat unusual, signal at ATLAS and CMS. Produced in large numbers and leaving a characteristic signature throughout all layers of the detector, including the muon chamber, they could be straightforward to discover even with low luminosity. Though such long lived colored particles (LLCPs) can be realized in many extensions of the Standard Model, most analyses of their phenomenology have focused only on R-hadrons. In order to distinguish among the possibilities, fundamental quantum numbers of the new states must be measured. In this paper, we demonstrate how to identify the SU(3) C charge and spin of such new particles at the LHC.

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A search for anomalous hydrogen in enriched D2O, using a time-of-flight spectrometer

Cited by 165 publications

References 5 publications

Composite millicharged dark matter

Composite millicharged dark matter

Searches for stable strangelets in ordinary matter: overview and a recent example

Stable colored particles R-SUSY relics or not?

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