A secular trend in age at menarche in Yunnan Province, China: a multiethnic population study of 1,275,000 women

Li, Wen; Yan, Xuejing; Li, Chengyu; Shu, Qi; Chen, Meng; Cai, Le; You, Dingyun

doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11951-x

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…According to a general conception, a low socioeconomic living environment may involve nutritional problems, high energy expenditure, insufficient access to health services, large family size, and social and emotional injuries and ultimately delayed puberty and menarche. On the other hand, declining trends in AAM have been reported from high SES populations ( 23 , 25 , 28 , 29 ). Previous studies indicated that girls of Turkish descent with high SES had an earlier AAM than girls with low SES ( 10 , 14 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Socioeconomic status (SES) may account for variations in the timing of puberty. However, the results of studies into the effects of SES on AAM are inconsistent and differentiate not only between countries but within countries as well ( 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 ). According to a general conception, a low socioeconomic living environment may involve nutritional problems, high energy expenditure, insufficient access to health services, large family size, and social and emotional injuries and ultimately delayed puberty and menarche.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decline in the Age of Menarche in Istanbul Schoolgirls Over the Last 12 Years

Güran¹,

Helvacioglu²,

Tosun³

et al. 2023

Jcrpe

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Objective: Menarche is the endpoint of a sequence of maturational events of female puberty. The timing of menarche is a strongly heritable trait. However, secular trends suggest that lifestyle and environmental factors are important. To assess the trend in age at menarche (AAM), and its associated factors in İstanbul over the last 12 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between March and April 2022 on schoolgirls aged 9-18 years. A predesigned and self-administered questionnaire was filled out anonymously by the students. The data of AAM was included in the statistical analysis if the time of AAM is remembered in both months and years. A probit model was used to calculate the median AAM. The findings were compared with those from a study performed 12 years ago in the same region of İstanbul. Results: Among 9000 girls to whom the questionnaire was distributed, 1749 (19.5%) responded. The median AAM of 1374 girls whose AAM information was considered valid was 12.04 years (95% confidence interval: 12.01-12.13), 0.7 years lower than was reported 12 years ago (p<0.0001). AAM was correlated positively with maternal AAM, and negatively with body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score and maternal educational status (p<0.0001, p<0.0001 and p=0.002), respectively. There was no correlation between the AAM and birth weight. Girls with BMI percentile ≥85% (n=251) had earlier menarche than the ones with BMI percentile <85% (n=1072) (11.5 vs. 12.1 years, p<0.0001). Among the mother-daughter pairs (n=1162), AAM of girls was 0.91 years (median 0.94 years) earlier than their mothers. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates a significant downward trend in the menarcheal age in İstanbul over the last twelve years. These findings support a strong contribution from genetic factors and BMI on AAM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline in the Age of Menarche in Istanbul Schoolgirls Over the Last 12 Years

Güran¹,

Helvacioglu²,

Tosun³

et al. 2023

Jcrpe

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“…For the present analysis, women with different menarche age were categorised into three groups: ≤12 years (early menarche age), 13–14 years and ≥15 years (late menarche age), which was based on the latest large investigation in China. 13 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the present analysis, women with different menarche age were categorised into three groups: ≤12 years (early menarche age), 13-14 years and ≥15 years (late menarche age), which was based on the latest large investigation in China. 13 Ovarian stimulation and embryo transfer According to female age, BMI and ovarian reserve, patients in this study were treated with long-acting gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH) agonist protocol or GnRH antagonist protocol. For long-acting GnRH agonist protocol, 3.75 mg of triptorelin acetate (Dafiline, Ipsen Pharma, France) was injected on the second to fourth day of the menstrual cycle.…”

Section: Menarche Age Groupingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 According to a recent investigation among millions of women in China, the average age at menarche (AAM) was 13.7 years and decreased to 13.3 years for women born after 2000. 13 The initiation timing of the reproductive lifespan can affect the fertility of females. 14 15 A study from Danish concluded that women with late onset of menarche would suffer a slightly increased risk of subfecundity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age at menarche and risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in women undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles: a retrospective cohort study

Wang,

Tang,

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the association between age at menarche (AAM) and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in fresh in vitro fertilisation (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingData were collected from a large obstetrics and gynaecology hospital in Sichuan, China.ParticipantsThis study included 17 419 eligible women aged ≤40 years who underwent the first IVF/ICSI cycles from January 2015 to December 2021. Women were divided into three groups according to their AAM: ≤12 years (n=5781), 13–14 years (n=9469) and ≥15 years (n=2169).ResultsThe means of age at recruitment and AAM were 30.4 years and 13.1 years, respectively. Restricted cubic spline models suggested that early menarche age increased the risk of OHSS. The multivariable logistic analysis showed that women with menarche age ≤12 years were more likely to suffer from OHSS (OR 1.321, 95% CI 1.113 to 1.567) compared with those aged 13–14 years among the whole cohort. This significant relationship remained in women administered with different ovarian stimulation protocols and gonadotrophin doses. When stratified by female age, this correlation was presented only in patients aged ≤30 years (OR 1.362, 95% CI 1.094 to 1.694). And the mediation analysis showed that the relationship between AAM and OHSS was totally mediated by antral follicle counts (AFC).ConclusionMenarche age earlier than 12 years may increase the OHSS risk in women aged ≤30 years through the mediation of AFC. More prospective studies are required to verify the results.

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Socioeconomic Status and Age at Menarche in Türkiye

Ersoy,

Hanedan,

Özyurt

2024

American J Hum Biol

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ObjectivesThe trend in declining age at menarche (AAM) largely continues while body size increases globally. The aim was to investigate trends in AAM, menstrual characteristics, and post‐menarcheal anthropometric parameters in adolescents living in an urban area in Türkiye between 1999 and 2018.MethodsFemale adolescent high school students in the Manisa region were asked about menarche and socioeconomic status (SES). There were 1017 girls in the first study (1999–2001) and 1304 (2016–2018) in the second study. Height and weight were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Adolescent girls were grouped into three socioeconomic status (SES) groups based on parental education and occupation, and all parameters were evaluated using SES.ResultsThe mean ± standard deviation for AAM in the first period was 12.82 ± 1.07 years and 12.83 ± 0.9 years in the second. AAM did not differ between the two periods nor between SES groups in either period. Post‐menarcheal height, weight, and BMI increased in the second period compared to the first study and across all SES groups (p < 0.05). The whole group AAM was similar in both periods, only 3 months earlier in the second period than in the first period. However, the AAM in girls with a post‐menarcheal BMI indicating being overweight or obese was significantly earlier than that of those with a normal post‐menarcheal BMI in both periods (p < 0.05).ConclusionsDespite changing sociodemographic characteristics and an increasing trend in height, weight, and BMI in all socioeconomic groups, no change was observed in mean AAM in an urban region of Western Türkiye over 18 years. While the inverse relationship between BMI and postmenarcheal BMI continued in both periods, the decline in AAM became more pronounced over the years in the presence of high postmenarcheal BMI.

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A secular trend in age at menarche in Yunnan Province, China: a multiethnic population study of 1,275,000 women

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

Decline in the Age of Menarche in Istanbul Schoolgirls Over the Last 12 Years

Decline in the Age of Menarche in Istanbul Schoolgirls Over the Last 12 Years

Age at menarche and risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in women undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles: a retrospective cohort study

Socioeconomic Status and Age at Menarche in Türkiye

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