A simple and sensitive LC‐MS/MS method for the determination of sotalol in rat plasma

Abstract

A sensitive, rapid and robust HPLC method with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) detection has been developed and validated for the quantification of sotalol in rat plasma. Plasma samples were precipitated with acetonitrile before analysis. The chromatographic separation was performed on an Atlantis hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography Silica column (50 × 2.1 mm, 3 µm) with a gradient mobile phase of 10 mm NH4 COOH (containing 0.2% of formic acid) as buffer A and acetonitrile as mobile phase B. Sotalol (m/z 273.2 → 255.1) and atenolol (the internal standard, IS, m/z 267.2 → 190.1) were monitored under positive ionization mode with 5500 QTRAP. Retention time of sotalol and the IS were 2.69 and 3.43 min, respectively. The linear range was 5-500 nm based on the analysis of 0.1 mL of plasma. The intrabatch precision ranged from 1.2 to 6.1%, and the inter-batch precision was from 3.3 to 6.5%. The coefficient of variation of IS-normalized matrix factor was 7.6%. Experiments for stability were performed and the analyte was sufficiently stable. A run time of 6 min for each injection made it possible to analyze a high throughput of plasma samples. The assay was successfully applied to the determination of sotalol in rat plasma after a micro-dose oral administration.

Hyphenation of field‐amplified sample injection and transient isotachophoresis in CE for the determination of sotalol and metoprolol in human urine samples

“…The results of the analysis were compared with those from other methods. The LODs and LOQs of Sot and Met for standard samples (or urine samples) were lower than those obtained via colorimetry [4], spectrophotometry [5], ECD [6,7], HPLC‐photodiode array UV [14], HPLC‐ECL [15], CE‐UV [16], CE‐ECD [17], and CE‐ECL [18], but higher than those obtained via GC‐MS [8], HPLC‐MS/MS [9,10] HPLC‐fluorescence [12], HPLC‐UV [13], and CE‐LIF [19]. Wide linear ranges were obtained using most methods.…”

“…Owing to the widespread use of Sot and Met, several separation and detection techniques have been developed in the past decade for their analysis. These include colorimetry [4], spectrophotometry [5], electrochemical detection (ECD) [6,7], GC‐MS [8], HPLC methods with MS/MS [9–11], fluorescence [12], UV [13,14], and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection [15]. Additionally, CE‐UV [16], CE‐ECD [17], CE‐ECL [18], and CE‐LIF detection [19] has been established.…”

Fast UHPLC-MS/MS for the Simultaneous Determination of Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Fluoxetine and Sotalol in Surface Water Samples

“…Even if ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and tandem mass spectroscopy (MS n ) using updated source designs and acquisition methods is known to allow detection of pharmaceuticals at very low concentrations, especially by use of smaller particle size chromatographic columns (below 2.0 µm) [25][26][27], simultaneous determination of such compounds within the same chromatographic method has not been yet reported, even in papers dealing with multi-residue analysis of pharmaceuticals. Indeed, sotalol (hydrophilic and polar) is often better detected by use of an hydrophilic column [28], whereas fluoxetine and azithromycin (lipophilic and moderately polar) and erythromycin (lipophilic and non-polar) are separated by reversed-phase C18 [26,27,29,30]. In the present study, we developed a UHPLC-MS method using a novel column stationary phase capable of providing a selectivity within a wide elution window and increased retention for both polar and non-polar analytes.…”

Development of a validated spectrofluorimetric method for assay of sotalol hydrochloride in tablets and human plasma: application for stability-indicating studies

“…Different spectrophotometric methods were reported for the determination of SOT based on the formation of charge transfer complex with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl) reagent [7], derivative spectrophotometry [8,9] and chemometric-assisted spectrophotometry [10]. The reported chromatographic methods for SOT determination include HPLC with UV detection [10][11][12][13], fluorescence detection [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and MS detection [21][22][23][24]. Stability of SOT in oral suspension was studied during its storage at different temperatures using HPLC in order to investigate its shelf-life stability [25,26].…”