A simple but effective approach for visible light beacon-based positioning systems with smartphone

Yoshizawa, Shingo; Handa, Shiro; Sasamori, Fumihito; Takyu, Osamu

doi:10.1109/cspa.2016.7515798

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…VLC-based solutions, therefore are considered widely as suitable candidates for indoor positioning. In VLCbeacon-based indoor localization systems, unique ID information are transmitted from VLC-LED bulbs for purposes such as identifying objects and locations [6]. Furthermore, beacon-based frames have been introduced in some publications with the sizes of 158-bit [6], 56-bit [7] or 34 symbols (0.96ms) [8].…”

Section: Vlc-beacon-based Indoor Positioning Systems (Ips)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In VLCbeacon-based indoor localization systems, unique ID information are transmitted from VLC-LED bulbs for purposes such as identifying objects and locations [6]. Furthermore, beacon-based frames have been introduced in some publications with the sizes of 158-bit [6], 56-bit [7] or 34 symbols (0.96ms) [8]. We found that the 158-bit beacon-based frame which is defined by Standard of Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) [2,8] should be considered because this work is confirmed by an association.…”

Section: Vlc-beacon-based Indoor Positioning Systems (Ips)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these methods can achieve different dimming levels with good BER performances; however, the system latency is increased with the iterative-decoding schemes. In addition, the reported codeword length is rarely long, which ranges from 1000 to 5000 bits, reduces the compatibility of this proposal to VLC-based beacon systems [6,7] in which beacon-based frame sizes are always small. As an alternative approach, Kim et al have proposed a coding scheme based on modified Reed-Muller (RM) codes [21].…”

Section: Why the Hardware Implementation Of Vlc Transmitter And Receiver Is Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we found that the biggest obstacle of this proposal is the equal probabilities of short runs of 1's and 0's can only be achieved with a long codeword length; as chosen to be N = 2048. Indeed, long data frames rarely be applied in low-throughput VLC systems, for instances, VLC-based beacon ones [6,7]. It can be found that the non-RLL solution based only on a polar encoder [ In a digital transmission system, a data scrambler plays an important role because it causes energy to be spread more uniformly.…”

Section: Why the Hardware Implementation Of Vlc Transmitter And Receiver Is Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hardware Architectures of Visible Light Communication Transmitter and Receiver for Beacon-based Indoor Positioning Systems

Nguyen

Tran

et al. 2020

REV J. Electron. Commun.

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High-speed applications of Visible Light Communications have been presented recently in which response times of photodiode-based VLC receivers are critical points. Typical VLC receiver routines, such as soft-decoding of run-length limited (RLL) codes and FEC codes was purely processed on embedded firmware, and potentially cause bottleneck at the receiver. To speed up the performance of receivers, ASIC-based VLC receiver could be the solution. Unfortunately, recent works on soft-decoding of RLL and FEC have shown that they are bulky and time-consuming computations. This causes hardware implementation of VLC receivers becomes heavy and unrealistic. In this paper, we introduce a compact Polar-code-based VLC receivers. in which flicker mitigation of the system can be guaranteed even without RLL codes. In particular, we utilized the centralized bit-probability distribution of a pre-scrambler and a Polar encoder to create a non-RLL flicker mitigation solution. At the receiver, a 3-bit soft-decision filter was implemented to analyze signals received from the VLC channel to extract log-likelihood ratio (LLR) values and feed them to the Polar decoder. Therefore, the proposed receiver could exploit the soft-decoding of the Polar decoder to improve the error-correction performance of the system. Due to the non-RLL characteristic, the receiver has a preeminent code-rate and a reduced complexity compared with RLL-based receivers. We present the proposed VLC receiver along with a novel very-large-scale integration (VLSI) architecture, and a synthesis of our design using FPGA/ASIC synthesis tools.

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Section: Vlc-beacon-based Indoor Positioning Systems (Ips)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vlc-beacon-based Indoor Positioning Systems (Ips)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Why the Hardware Implementation Of Vlc Transmitter And Receiver Is Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Why the Hardware Implementation Of Vlc Transmitter And Receiver Is Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hardware Architectures of Visible Light Communication Transmitter and Receiver for Beacon-based Indoor Positioning Systems

Nguyen

Tran

et al. 2020

REV J. Electron. Commun.

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“…Nevertheless, (Visible light beacon system) developed in [140] can provide millimeter level of accuracy. In the past few years, a good number of surveys have been published on VLC and VLC based IPS [128,129,28,130].…”

Section: Occ-based Localization and Navigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical camera communications: Survey, use cases, challenges, and future trends

Saeed

Guo

Park

et al. 2019

Physical Communication

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Recently, a camera or an image sensor receiver based optical wireless communications (OWC) techniques have attracted particular interest in areas such as the internet of things, indoor localization, motion capture, and intelligent transportation systems. As a supplementary technique of high-speed OWC based on photo-detectors, communications hinging on image sensors as receivers do not need much modification to the current infrastructure, such that the implementation complexity and cost are quite low. Therefore, in this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of optical camera communication (OCC) techniques, and their use in localization, navigation, and motion capture. This survey is distinguishable from the existing reviews on this topic by covering multiple aspects of OCC and its various applications. The first part of the paper focuses on the standardization, channel characterization, modulation, coding, synchronization, and signal processing techniques for OCC systems while the second part of the article presents the literature on OCC based localization, navigation, motion capture, and intelligent transportation systems. Finally, in the last part of the paper, we present the challenges and future research directions of OCC.(OCC) [5]. FSO communication systems consist of a laser diode (LD) transmitter and a photodiode (PD) receiver. It typically relies on UV or visible bands, offers high rate transmission in a long distance, and can be used for a backhaul of communication networks. However, FSO communications need a strict alignment, and consequently, their cost at transceivers is high. Also, FSO communication systems suffer from atmospheric turbulence which can be mitigated by using different statistical channel models [6,7,8,9,10], robust modulation techniques [11,12], and accurate pointing and tracking methods [13,14,15]. On the other hand, VLC hinging on visible bands is an LD or light emitting diode (LED) transmitter and PD receiver-based medium-range communication technology. VLC is capable of offering high data rate within a range of tens of meters but does not consider multiple user access. The advancement of VLC systems has also led to enable various location aware indoor applications. Recently, several indoor localization systems based on VLC are proposed [16,17,18,19,20]. Interested readers are referred to [21,22], and the references therein for VLC based indoor localization and tracking methods. Nevertheless, the VLC technology suffers from both limited coverage and interference. Increasing the field of view of the LEDs improves the coverage; however, it increases the interference at the receiver. Signal-to-interference ratio based methods can be used to analyze the coverage and interference problems in VLC systems [23]. Different from VLC, Li-Fi is an LED transmitter based light networking technology that involves multiple user access, bidirectional communications, multi-cell handover, etc. The emerging Li-Fi supports mobile communica-

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Hardware Implementation of A Non-RLL Soft-decoding Beacon-based Visible Light Communication Receiver

Nguyen

Tran

et al. 2018

2018 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC)

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Visible light communication (VLC)-based beacon systems, which usually transmit identification (ID) information in small-size data frames are applied widely in indoor localization applications. There is one fact that flicker of LED light should be avoid in any VLC systems. Current flicker mitigation solutions based on run-length limited (RLL) codes suffer from reduced code rates, or are limited to hard-decoding forward error correction (FEC) decoders. Recently, soft-decoding techniques of RLL-codes are proposed to support soft-decoding FEC algorithms, but they contain potentials of high-complexity and timeconsuming computations. Fortunately, non-RLL direct current (DC)-balance solutions can overcome the drawbacks of RLLbased algorithms, however, they meet some difficulties in system latency or inferior error-correction performances. Recently, non-RLL flicker mitigation solution based on Polar code has proved to be an optimal approach due to its natural equal probabilities of short runs of 1's and 0's with high error-correction performance. However, we found that this solution can only maintain the DC balance only when the data frame length is sufficiently long. Accordingly, short beacon-based data frames might still be a big challenge for flicker mitigation in such non-RLL cases. In this paper, we introduce a flicker mitigation solution designed for VLC-based beacon systems that combines a simple pre-scrambler with a Polar encoder which has a codeword smaller than the previous work 8 times. We also propose a hardware architecture for the proposed compact non-RLL VLC receiver for the first time. Also, a 3-bit soft-decision filter is introduce to enable softdecoding of Polar decoder to improve the performance of the receiver.

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A simple but effective approach for visible light beacon-based positioning systems with smartphone

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Hardware Architectures of Visible Light Communication Transmitter and Receiver for Beacon-based Indoor Positioning Systems

Hardware Architectures of Visible Light Communication Transmitter and Receiver for Beacon-based Indoor Positioning Systems

Optical camera communications: Survey, use cases, challenges, and future trends

Hardware Implementation of A Non-RLL Soft-decoding Beacon-based Visible Light Communication Receiver

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