Nanoemulsions
have become extremely popular water-insoluble pesticide
delivery systems in recent years. In this study, prochloraz nanoemulsions
were obtained by selecting the mixing ratio of surfactants (6:1, 3:1,
2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:6), surfactant concentration, and shearing
time. The optimal formula was 10 wt % prochloraz, 6 wt % surfactant
(2 wt % CO-100 + 4 wt % CO-360) dissolved in 6 wt % hydrocarbon solvent
(S-100A), and deionized water replenished to 100 wt %. This formula
meets the quality index standards of the Food and Agriculture Organization.
Compared with oil-in-water emulsion (EW), the prochloraz nanoemulsion
exhibited higher antifungal activity against Penicillium
citrinum in vitro (lower LC50 of 1.17 mg
L–1) and in vivo (fewer lesions). In addition, the
L02 cells treated with the nanoemulsion had a higher survival rate
and lower apoptosis rate at the same concentration. Results showed
that the toxicity of the prochloraz nanoemulsion on L02 cells was
lower than that of EW. The findings provide an important method for
developing an efficient, safe, and environment-friendly nanoemulsion
for postharvest fruit storage.