A simplified energy consumption model for fiber-based Next Generation Access Networks

Coomonte, Rafael; Lastres, Carmen; Feijóo, Claudio; Martín, Ángel Julián

doi:10.1016/j.tele.2011.11.005

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…12) Carbon footprint reduced from 4,049.758 to 4,045.419 tons CO2e [93]. 13) ICTs account for 2% of total carbon emissions [57]. 14) CO2 emissions decrease by 50-70% [94].…”

Section: Number Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Architecture in Computer Science: A Systematic Review

Somantri,

Surendro

2024

IEEE Access

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Computer Science Architecture (CSA), encompassing data, application, technology, and business architecture, is a vital tool for addressing climate change challenges. It aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from sectors such as stationary energy, transportation, industry, product use, waste, and land use. CSA principles extend to advanced technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), Machine Learning (ML), data centers, blockchain, multi-agent systems, sensors, and smart grids. This review explores CSA's role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions for a sustainable environment. It analyzes implications, indicators, and methodologies for data, application, technology, and business architecture, highlighting their direct impact on creating an environmentally friendly technological landscape. The study also delves into emerging trends and suggestions for future research, contributing to the discourse on leveraging technology for a greener future.INDEX TERMS Greenhouse gas emissions, computer science architecture, sustainable environment, review.

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“…12) Carbon footprint reduced from 4,049.758 to 4,045.419 tons CO2e [93]. 13) ICTs account for 2% of total carbon emissions [57]. 14) CO2 emissions decrease by 50-70% [94].…”

Section: Number Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stationary energy 42 [58], [60], [55], [62], [69], [70], [27], [110], [29], [111], [73], [32], [77], [79], [81], [4], [39], [83], [41], [56], [88], [3], [89], [91], [45], [46], [94], [95], [97], [49], [57], [52], [100], [53], [54], [102], [103], [92], [104], [105], [106], [6] Transportation 10…”

Section: Number Of Research Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Architecture in Computer Science: A Systematic Review

Somantri,

Surendro

2024

IEEE Access

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“…1 and 2 derive from deployment models used in previous studies to assess the costs in the rollout process of NGA networks (Coomonte et al, 2012;Feijóo, Gómez-Barroso, & Ramos, 2011). The FTTH architecture is congruent with technical models of fixed fibre-based access networks (Kramer et al, 2012) and main fibre cost-related studies (Analysys Mason, 2008Mason, , 2009.…”

Section: Network Architecture and Active Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How much energy will your NGN consume? A model for energy consumption in next generation access networks: The case of Spain

Coomonte¹,

Feijóo²,

Ramos³

et al. 2013

Telecommunications Policy

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The contribution to global energy consumption of the information and communications technology (ICT) sector has increased considerably in the last decade, along with its growing relevance to the overall economy. This trend will continue due to the seemingly ever greater use of these technologies, with broadband data traffic generated by the usage of telecommunication networks as a primary component. In fact, in response to user demand, the telecommunications industry is initiating the deployment of next generation networks (NGNs). However, energy consumption is mostly absent from the debate on these deployments, in spite of the potential impact on both expenses and sustainability.[n addition, consumers are unaware of the energy impact of their choices in ultra-broadband services. This paper focuses on forecasting energy consumption in the access part of NGNs by modelling the combined effect of the deployment of two different ultra-broadband technologies (FTTH-GPON and LTE), the evolution of traffic per user, and the energy consumption in each of the networks and user devices. Conclusions are presented on the levels of energy consumption, their cost and the impact of different network design parameters. The effect of technological developments, techno-economic and policy decisions on energy consumption is highlighted. On the consumer side, practical figures and comparisons across technologies are provided. Although the paper focuses on Spain, the analysis can be extended to similar countries.

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“…The introduction of optical access network technology is highly promising as it is the most energy efficient access network technology that is capable of providing high capacity broadband access network at low bit error rate (BER) [2], [3]. However, data reveals a large expenditure of energy at optical access network due to the large presence of optical network units (ONUs) which account for approximately 60-80% energy consumed by the optical access [4]- [6] and this energy consumption is mainly due to the network usage [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Development of Optical Network Unit Power Consumption Model Considering Traffic Load Effect

et al. 2018

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Accurate and precise measurement of energy consumption for the deployment of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network using Gigabit passive optical network (GPON) is vital to the research community to develop models for the synthesis of energy-efficient protocols and algorithms for the access network. However, lack of power consumption measurement of optical network devices in the past has led to unrealistic and/or oversimplified model being used in simulations. Usually the access network devices are assumed always on and their consumption is both traffic and time independent. Therefore, in this paper we propose an experimentally-driven approach to i) characterize the Optical Network Unit (ONU) from the power consumption standpoint and ii) develop more accurate power consumption model for the ONU. We focus on ONU since it represents the main contributor to the energy consumption of optical access network. The real data in terms of the power consumption and traffic load have been obtained from continuous measurements performed on a GPON network testbed. The measurement is limited to a maximum 100 Mbps data rate due to a limitation in the sampling rate and precision of the measurement device. However, validation has been done with theoretical power consumption model in order to prove the feasibility of the proposed model. Our measurements show that the power consumption of the ONU exhibits a linear dependence on the traffic in which the power consumption at idle mode is 11.51 W while in low power mode the power consumption is around 7.52 W.

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A simplified energy consumption model for fiber-based Next Generation Access Networks

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Architecture in Computer Science: A Systematic Review

Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Architecture in Computer Science: A Systematic Review

How much energy will your NGN consume? A model for energy consumption in next generation access networks: The case of Spain

A Development of Optical Network Unit Power Consumption Model Considering Traffic Load Effect

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