A single analytical procedure for the simultaneous and confirmatory determination of melamine and related compounds in various food matrices by isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ID-GC-MS)

Wong, Yee-Lok; Mok, Chuen-shing

doi:10.1039/c3ay26459a

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Capillary gas chromatography (GC), an analytical technique with high separation efficiency and low sample consumption, has been widely used in environmental, food safety and drug analysis. [1][2][3] GC is an effective separation technique for volatile and nonpolar compounds. However, for polar analytes, derivatization is often required, because it can enhance the thermal stability and separation efficiency of polar compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of trimethylsilyl derivatives

et al. 2016

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A method based on the analysis of trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives by capillary gas chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (GC-ESI/MS) was proposed. To improve separation, analytes were derivatized to their TMS derivative. During ESI analysis, TMS derivatives may hydrolyze back to their polar native form and are thus suitable for ESI analysis. Several types of analytes were studied to investigate the potential of the approach. Not all TMS derivatives hydrolyzed back to their native form as anticipated. Incomplete hydrolysis was observed for TMS-organic acids and TMS-nonchlorinated phenols. For TMS-chlorophenols, the observation of only the [M - H] ion suggested that these phenols were hydrolyzed back to their native form. For TMS-beta agonists, the hydrolysis rate was low; therefore, the hydrolysis product was not detected. Both TMS-chlorophenols and TMS-beta agonists provide a sensitivity in the range of low parts per billion (0.25-5 ng/ml and 0.5-10 ng/ml respectively). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of trimethylsilyl derivatives

et al. 2016

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“…4,5 In recent years, melamine with high nitrogen content (66.7%) has been found to be used illicitly as food additive to artificially increase the apparent protein levels of dairy products, which are generally quantified by Kjeldahl method based on the measurement of total nitrogen content. High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), 8,9 HPLC-diode array detection (DAD) 10,11 and gas chromatography (GC)-MS 12 have been widely employed for the analysis of melamine in different samples. Therefore, reliable and sensitive methods are needed to determine melamine residues in food, particularly in dairy products for children, which is of biological, clinical and food industrial importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyromazine imprinted polymers for selective stir bar sorptive extraction of melamine in animal feed and milk samples

Fan

Gao

et al. 2015

Analyst

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In this work, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) coated stir bar was prepared using a self-designed polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mold and in situ polymerization, with cyromazine as the dummy template for the target melamine. The prepared MIP coated stir bar presented a uniform and porous surface as well as good chemical stability and selectivity for melamine. Based on it, a method of MIP coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) was developed for the quantification of melamine in food samples. Significant factors affecting the extraction efficiency of melamine by MIP-SBSE, such as the extraction solvent and time, stirring rate, desorption solvent and time, were investigated thoroughly. Under the optimal conditions, the analytical performance of this method was evaluated. The detection limit of the developed method was 0.54 μg L(-1) for melamine with an enrichment factor of 42-fold and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 6.1% (c = 5 μg L(-1), n = 7), and the linear range was 2-200 μg L(-1). The established method was applied for the determination of melamine in a variety of real samples including cat food, dog food, chicken feed A, chicken feed B and milk powder, and the recoveries for melamine in the spiked samples were in the range of 76.2-98.2%, 80.0-85.5%, 89.5-113%, 85.0-95.5% and 65.0-111%, respectively. The proposed method presented a good specific recognition ability and matrix interference resistance, and was demonstrated to be effective and sensitive for the analysis of melamine in animal food and milk samples.

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“…Several analytical methods, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [ 4 ], high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [ 5 – 7 ] gold nanoparticles [ 8 ], colloidal selenium immunoassay [ 9 ], and Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy [ 10 ] had been reported. However, many methods depended on complicated sample treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, many methods depended on complicated sample treatments. As in GC-MS methods, the sample derivation was strongly demanded as MEL contains special label group [ 4 ]; as in HPLC methods, liquid-liquid, liquid-solid extraction procedure was needed to cleanse the sample and perform better separation results. In some cases, in order to lower the limit of detection (LOD) or obtain detailed information of the analytes, special detectors, such as mass spectrum (MS) [ 5 ], fluorescence detection [ 6 ], surface enhanced raman scattering [ 8 ], electrochemical approach [ 11 ], and online solid-phase extraction [ 7 ], were also used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stacking and Analysis of Melamine in Milk Products with Acetonitrile-Salt Stacking Technique in Capillary Electrophoresis

Wei

Hou

et al. 2014

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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Melamine was measured in real milk products with capillary electrophoresis (CE) based on acetonitrile-salt stacking (ASS) method. Real milk samples were deproteinized with acetonitrile at a final concentration of 60% (v/v) and then injected hydrodynamically at 50 mBar for 40.0 s. The optimized buffer contains 80.0 mmol/L pH 2.8 phosphates. Melamine could be detected within 20.0 min at +10 kV with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.03 μmol/L. Satisfactory reproducibility (inter- and intraday RSD% both for migration time and peak area was lower than 5.0%) and a wide linearity range of 0.05 μmol/L ~ 10.0 μmol/L were achieved. The proposed method was suitable for routine assay of MEL in real milk samples that was subjected to a simple treatment step.

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A single analytical procedure for the simultaneous and confirmatory determination of melamine and related compounds in various food matrices by isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ID-GC-MS)

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Gas chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of trimethylsilyl derivatives

Gas chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of trimethylsilyl derivatives

Cyromazine imprinted polymers for selective stir bar sorptive extraction of melamine in animal feed and milk samples

Stacking and Analysis of Melamine in Milk Products with Acetonitrile-Salt Stacking Technique in Capillary Electrophoresis

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