A Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Product Levels in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada sistemik lupus eritematöz (SLE) olan hastalarda ileri glikasyon son ürünlerinin çözünür reseptörünün (sRAGE) plazma düzeyleri değerlendirildi ve bu düzeylerin farklı klinik, laboratuvar ve tedavi parametreleri ile olan ilişkisi araştırıldı. Hastalar ve yöntemler:Çalışmaya toplam 120 SLE hastası (111 kadın, 9 erkek) ve yaş ve cinsiyet eşleştirmeli 40 sağlıklı kontrol alındı. Plazma sRAGE düzeyleri, ticari olarak satılan enzim bağlı immünosorbent test (ELISA) kiti kullanılarak ölçüldü. Plazma sRAGE düzeyleri ve SLE'nin klinik ve laboratuvar özellikleri arasındaki muhtemel ilişki de değerlendirildi. Farklı tedavi yöntemlerinin sRAGE plazma düzeyleri üzerindeki etkinliği incelendi. Bulgular: Sağlıklı kontrollere kıyasla, SLE hastalarının plazma sRAGE düzeyleri anlamlı düzeyde daha düşüktü (p=0.003). Cilt döküntüsü veya serozit olan hastaların sRAGE düzeyleri, olmayanlara kıyasla anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksekti (sırasıyla p=0.036 ve p=0.017). Daha uzun süre tedavi edilen SLE hastalarının sRAGE düzeyleri, daha kısa süreli tedavi edilenlerden daha yüksekti (p=0.000). Kortikosteroid ile tedavi edilen ve kombine tedavi edilen hastalar arasında düzey açısından anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p=0.89). sRAGE düzeyleri ve total beyaz kan hücre (WBC) sayımı (r=-0.356; p=0.003), lenfosit (r=0.341; p<0.001) ve nötrofil (r=0.289; p=0.006) arasında anlamlı negatif bir ilişki vardı.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda SLE hastalarında sRAGE plazma düzeylerinin anlamlı derecede azaldığı bulundu. Bu da, sRAGE düzeylerinin hastalığın patogenezinde muhtemel bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir.Anahtar sözcükler: İleri glikasyon son ürünü; reseptör; sistemik lupus eritematöz. Objectives:In this study, we aimed to evaluate the plasma levels of a soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to investigate their relationship with different clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic parameters. Patients and methods:A total of 120 patients with SLE (111 females, 9 males) and 40 age-and gender-matched healthy controls were included. The plasma sRAGE levels were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The possible relationship between plasma sRAGE levels with SLE clinical and laboratory characteristics were also assessed. The effectiveness of different therapeutic modalities on plasma sRAGE levels was analyzed. Results:The SLE patients had significantly lower plasma levels of sRAGE than the healthy controls (p=0.003). The patients with a skin rash or serositis had significantly higher sRAGE levels than those without (p=0.036 and p=0.017, respectively). The SLE patients who were treated over a longer period of time showed higher levels of sRAGE than those treated for shorter periods (p=0.000). No significant difference in levels was found among the patients treated with corticosteroids and those treated with combined therapy (p=0.89). There was a significant negative correlation between the sRAGE level and the total white blood cell (WBC) count (...

Cellular Response against Oxidative Stress, a Novel Insight into Lupus Nephritis Pathogenesis

“…Other RAGE ligands, such as S100A12 levels are similar in SLE and healthy subjects, while levels of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 correlate with cardiovascular risk in SLE patients [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. RAGE ligands appear to be mostly related to inflammation, hyperglycation and cellular stress processes; expression of the receptor itself being directly related to inflammation [ 50 , 51 ].…”

“…sRAGE can bind to RAGE, blocking its functions and leading to an improved expression of the molecules involved in inflammation, adhesion and RAGE itself [ 47 ].…”

“…It remains unknown whether patients with SLE have autoantibodies against RAGE/sRAGE, but sRAGE functions are insufficient studied in this pathology [ 9 ]. A low amount of sRAGE has been detected in Sjogren’s syndrome, though a possible link between SLE and visual disturbances could be established [ 47 ]. Contradictory data on the level of sRAGE have been reported in SLE patients.…”

“…Short-term treatment induces a rapid decrease in sRAGE levels compared to long-term one. It is suggested that the receptor has a different role in the initial and progressive stage of the disease [ 47 , 48 ]. In addition, patients with SLE who have antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) or antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) have shown a decrease in sRAGE plasma levels compared to control [ 53 ].…”

“…These processes increase the oxidative stress in the body. AGE and RAGE with sRAGE deficiency can cause the formation of neoepitopes, and of autoantibodies [ 47 ].…”