In order to prepare and implement a well-founded decision and plan regarding the organization of ground protection of the object (objects) of the military unit, the governing body of the military unit, as analytical and prognostic procedures for decision-making, it is necessary to have a clear and visual methodology that will allow determining the optimal composition of the forces and means of the observation post of the security unit under the given conditions. This technique should ensure the determination of the possibility of an operational response to the protection of the security object, as well as ensure the determination of the optimal composition of the forces and means of the observation post regarding fire resistance to the enemy, taking into account the available forces and means of the security unit as a whole.
In accordance with the requirements of the organizational-guiding and methodical documents [1–9], the appropriate procedure for the organization of ground protection of the object (objects) of the military unit was determined for the governing bodies of the military unit. There is a scientific interest in researching the process of organization of protection, taking into account the priority of one or another object [10–15]. As a necessary component of the methodology for optimizing the composition of the forces and means of the observation post of the security unit, there can be a procedure for determining the optimal number and type of weapons of mobile tactical groups to ensure actions to deter the enemy [16]. An addition to the scientific justification and practical implementation of the protection of the object (objects) of the military unit is a space-time model for determining the possibility of timely countering the enemy with the forces and means of the observation post of the security unit [17]. Therefore, taking into account the analysis of organizational and management documents, methodological recommendations and the results of scientific research, it is proposed to develop a methodology for optimizing the composition of the forces and means of the observation post of the security unit, which consists in the determined possibilities of operational (timely) response of the security forces and fire resistance to the enemy, which intends to destroy the object of protection of the military unit.
The article presents the method of optimizing the composition of the forces and means of the observation post of the division of the protection of the objects of the military unit. This technique is based on the spatio-temporal model of determining the possibility of timely countering the enemy with the forces and means of the observation post of the security unit and the solved optimization problem regarding the determination of the forces composition and the distribution of observation post fire means of the security unit.
The methodology for optimizing the composition of the forces and means of the observation post of the security unit is based on the determination of the possibility of an operational response to protect the object of protection, as well as on the determination of the optimal composition of the forces and means of the observation post in relation to fire resistance against the enemy, taking into account the available forces and means of the security unit.
The proposed methodology will allow to solve a number of practical calculation problems during the organization of ground defense of the military unit's facilities, namely: comparative quantitative assessment of the enemy's firepower, observation post and corps unit; determination of the appropriate range of opening fire by the forces and means of the observation post of the security unit; choosing the necessary direction and speed of movement of the main duty forces and means of the security unit; assessment of the influence of the topography of the area on the result of the countermeasures; evaluation of the effectiveness of ground enemy detection means; determination of ammunition sizes for firearms.
