A spotlight on the phytobiome: Plant-mediated interactions in an illuminated world

Heinen, Robin

doi:10.1016/j.baae.2021.10.007

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…There are various alternative plant physiological pathways through which ALAN might affect the phytobiome [14]. For instance, exposure to ALAN can disrupt stomatal activity, above–belowground allocation and the nocturnal starch turnover from above- to below-ground compartments [64–66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As nights will most likely become significantly brighter [15,16], it is important to better understand the impacts of this on natural ecosystems [17]. Therefore, ALAN effects on plants and associated organisms warrant further studies [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ALAN may also affect interactions between plants and herbivores [14,[41][42][43]. Different typical ALAN sources with different spectral characteristics have differential bottom-up effects on plant-aphid interactions [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Part-night exposure to artificial light at night has more detrimental effects on aphid colonies than fully lit nights

Heinen,

Sanchez-Mahecha,

Martijn Bezemer

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) threatens natural ecosystems globally. While ALAN research is increasing, little is known about how ALAN affects plants and interactions with other organisms. We explored the effects of ALAN on plant defence and plant–insect interactions using barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) and the English grain aphid ( Sitobion avenae ). Plants were exposed to ‘full’ or ‘part’ nights of 15–20 lux ALAN, or no ALAN ‘control’ nights, to test the effects of ALAN on plant growth and defence. Although plant growth was only minimally affected by ALAN, aphid colony growth and aphid maturation were reduced significantly by ALAN treatments. Importantly, we found strong differences between full-night and part-night ALAN treatments. Contrary to our expectations, part ALAN had stronger negative effects on aphid colony growth than full ALAN. Defence-associated gene expression was affected in some cases by ALAN, but also positively correlated with aphid colony size, suggesting that the effects of ALAN on plant defences are indirect, and regulated via direct disruption of aphid colonies rather than via ALAN-induced upregulation of defences. Mitigating ecological side effects of ALAN is a complex problem, as reducing exposure to ALAN increased its negative impact on insect herbivores. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Light pollution in complex ecological systems’.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Part-night exposure to artificial light at night has more detrimental effects on aphid colonies than fully lit nights

Heinen,

Sanchez-Mahecha,

Martijn Bezemer

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since plant physiology and phenology affect primary productivity, and if ALAN affects physiology and phenology, it stands to reason that the impacts of ALAN on plants flow through to organisms higher in the food web. However, whether and how the effects of ALAN on plant physiology cascade through the food web remains poorly understood (Bennie et al, 2015; Heinen, 2021). In a mesocosm study, an increased intensity of ALAN resulted in increased plant biomass coincided with increased aphid abundance, but parasite–aphid relationships showed a more complex relationship with ALAN (Sanders et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial light at night affects plant–herbivore interactions

Cieraad

Strange

Flink

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1. Artificial light at night (ALAN) affects species' physiology and behaviour, and the interactions between species. Despite the importance of plants as primary producers, it remains poorly understood whether and how effects of ALAN on plants cascade through the food web.2. We assess the extent to which ALAN of different spectra result in plant-mediated insect herbivory damage. In a 6-month field experiment, we exposed plants of differing palatability to three colours of ALAN and a dark control, and assessed plant traits (growth rate, leaf size, foliar density and thickness) and insect herbivory (represented by insect damage as loss of foliage to leaf-chewing insects, and gall abundance by phloem-feeding herbivory).3. We found evidence for plant trait-mediated ALAN effects on herbivory for oak, but not for blueberry. In oak, ALAN of different colours changed the direction of relationships of insect damage with relative growth rate and with leaf thickness. Moreover, we found that the effects of ALAN on herbivory damage differed markedly between forest types within the same locale, particularly in the red light treatment. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our results provide evidence that continuous nighttime light, as provided by street lighting around the world, affects food web interactions. The nature of these effects differed by species and appeared to depend on forest type and the light spectrum employed, thus underlining the context dependency of ALAN in different ecosystems and environmental settings. These findings highlight the complexity of using spectral manipulation as a mitigation measure, and the need for further consideration of ALAN in environmental management and planning, to limit the exposure and impact of cascading effects of artificial light at night on food webs and communities.

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Artificial light at night triggers negative impacts on nutrients cycling and plant health regulated by soil microbiome in urban ecosystems

Huang

et al. 2023

Geoderma

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A spotlight on the phytobiome: Plant-mediated interactions in an illuminated world

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

Part-night exposure to artificial light at night has more detrimental effects on aphid colonies than fully lit nights

Part-night exposure to artificial light at night has more detrimental effects on aphid colonies than fully lit nights

Artificial light at night affects plant–herbivore interactions

Artificial light at night triggers negative impacts on nutrients cycling and plant health regulated by soil microbiome in urban ecosystems

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