A statistical study of underestimates of wind speeds by VHF radar

Thomas, L.; Astin, Ivan; Worthington, R. M.

doi:10.1007/s00585-997-0805-8

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Larsen, 1983;Weber and Wuertz, 1990;Thomas et al, 1997;Luce et al, 2001;Dibbern et al, 2003a) becoming comparable to that of radiosonde measurements (e.g. Kitchen, 1989;Nash, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…This plot has fewer, and less significant, outliers than the equivalent Fig. 3 shown by Thomas et al (1997) for the v0 scheme.…”

Section: Measures Of V3 Data Accuracymentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Consequently the ideal method for evaluating the accuracy of Aberystwyth radar-derived wind-profiles would be to compare them against radiosonde data for launches from Aberporth (52.13 • N, 4.57 • W), which is 45 km km to the south-west of the radar site (52.40 • N, 4.01 • W). Thomas et al (1997) note that even such a small distance between radiosonde measurements can give rise to root mean square (RMS) differences of 3-4 m s −1 . Although bins, for tropospheric (orange line) and stratospheric (blue line) altitudes.…”

Section: Measures Of V3 Data Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…comparisons against radiosonde data were routinely made in the past (e.g. Thomas et al, 1997), Aberporth is not part of the (UK) Met Office's operational radiosonde network. Consequently wind-profile data are not available from there on a routine basis.…”

Section: Measures Of V3 Data Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This will not be considered any further in this paper. The ratio of the radar return signal powers observed at 4.2 • and 6.0 • off-vertical is used to compensate the magnitude of the horizontal wind components for the effects of aspect sensitivity (Thomas et al, 1997). This is applied by both the v0 and v3 schemes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of a new signal processing scheme for the MST radar at Aberystwyth

et al. 2008

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Abstract. This paper describes a new signal processing scheme for the 46.5 MHz Doppler Beam Swinging windprofiling radar at Aberystwyth, in the UK. Although the techniques used are similar to those already described in literature -i.e. the identification of multiple signal components within each spectrum and the use of radial-and time-continuity algorithms for quality-control purposes -it is shown that they must be adapted for the specific meteorological environment above Aberystwyth. In particular they need to take into account the three primary causes of unwanted signals: ground clutter, interference, and Rayleigh scatter from hydrometeors under stratiform precipitation conditions. Attention is also paid to the fact that short-period gravitywave activity can lead to an invalidation of the fundamental assumption of the wind field remaining stationary over the temporal and spatial scales encompassed by a cycle of observation. Methods of identifying and accounting for such conditions are described. The random measurement error associated with horizontal wind components is estimated to be 3.0-4.0 m s −1 for single cycle data. This reduces to 2.0-3.0 m s −1 for data averaged over 30 min. The random measurement error associated with vertical wind components is estimated to be 0.2-0.3 m s −1 . This cannot be reduced by time-averaging as significant natural variability is expected over intervals of just a few minutes under conditions of short-period gravitywave activity.

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“…Larsen, 1983;Weber and Wuertz, 1990;Thomas et al, 1997;Luce et al, 2001;Dibbern et al, 2003a) becoming comparable to that of radiosonde measurements (e.g. Kitchen, 1989;Nash, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…This plot has fewer, and less significant, outliers than the equivalent Fig. 3 shown by Thomas et al (1997) for the v0 scheme.…”

Section: Measures Of V3 Data Accuracymentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Measures Of V3 Data Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measures Of V3 Data Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Validation of a new signal processing scheme for the MST radar at Aberystwyth

et al. 2008

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Meteorological influences on the design of advanced aircraft approach procedures for reduced environmental impacts

Ren

Reynolds

Clarke

et al. 2010

Meteorological Applications

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ABSTRACT:There is increasing interest in the development of aircraft operating procedures that reduce the environmental impacts of commercial aviation through minimization of fuel burn, emissions and noise impacts. Meteorological factors can have a major influence on the behaviour of aircraft in different phases of flight, thus they must be carefully considered in the development of any new procedures. In this paper the most important of these factors are considered (wind profiles and local pressure variations) within the context of development of advanced approach procedures at a major UK airport. Models of the wind characteristics were developed for the region around the airport using data collected from the Natural Environment Research Council Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere Radar at Aberystwyth and surface wind measurements made at the airport, while an analysis of local pressure effects was based on readings taken at the airport. These models were used in a Monte Carlo flight simulator to determine the suitability of different approach procedure designs in terms of flight and environmental performance. Flight tests of the final procedure design were conducted at the airport with a variety of commercial aircraft. These demonstrated the suitability of the procedures (and hence validated the modelling strategies used) and that significant environmental benefits in terms of reduced noise, fuel burn and emissions were achieved compared to existing procedures.

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Analysis of an ex‐tropical cyclone after its reintensification as a warm‐core extratropical cyclone

Browning

Panagi

Vaughan

1998

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Ex‐hurricane Lili reintensified as an extratropical cyclone before travelling across the data‐rich region of the British Isles on 28 October 1996. The cyclone centre passed close to a Mesosphere‐Stratosphere‐Troposphere (MST) radar, providing continuous profiles of wind etc. which were used to evaluate diagnostics from the mesoscale version of the operational UK Meteorological Office Unified Model. The paper presents a mesoanalysis of the mature extratropical cyclone using model output together with radar and satellite observations. The combined analysis reveals a vertically extensive warm core three‐quarters surrounded by a low‐level jet reaching over 40 m s−1. There was an associated eye, relatively free of cloud and partly surrounded by a hook cloud producing extensive heavy rain, which was itself encircled by cooler dry‐intrusion air. The stratospheric part of the dry intrusion (and its potential‐vorticity (PV) anomaly) descended within a tropopause fold around the cloud hook generally to below 400 hPa, with small pockets penetrating significantly lower. The cyclone's reintensification as an extratropical cyclone was related to its interaction with the stratospheric PV anomaly. This interaction commenced immediately after the decay of the strong moist ascent and associated deep column of diabatically generated positive PV that had characterized the earlier tropical‐cyclone phase. Following reintensification, the dry‐intrusion air entered the eye region of the extratropical cyclone over a deep layer. The mesoscale model represented many aspects of the cyclone structure well but it underestimated the dryness of the dry‐intrusion air entering the eye. The MST radar vividly depicted the region of moist boundary‐layer air responsible for the hook cloud rising up into the region of the lowered tropopause.

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A statistical study of underestimates of wind speeds by VHF radar

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Validation of a new signal processing scheme for the MST radar at Aberystwyth

Validation of a new signal processing scheme for the MST radar at Aberystwyth

Meteorological influences on the design of advanced aircraft approach procedures for reduced environmental impacts

Analysis of an ex‐tropical cyclone after its reintensification as a warm‐core extratropical cyclone

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