A Study Linking Axial Length, Corneal Curvature, and Eye Axis With Demographic Characteristics in the Emmetropic Eyes of Bangladeshi People

Abstract

BackgroundAxial length (AL) and corneal curvature (CC) are one of the furthest critical parameters for optometry and oculoplastic surgery. These two variables are crucial in biometry for accurately measuring the power of the intraocular lens in cataract surgery. This research aimed to determine the association linking axial length and corneal curvature with demographic characteristics in emmetropic eyes of Bangladeshi people. MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional research was carried out among 200 emmetropic eyes of Bangladeshi people attending the Department of Ophthalmology at Rajshahi Medical College, Bangladesh, with different eye conditions, between July 2017 and June 2018. Data was gathered by conducting person-to-person interviews, checking visual activity using the Snellen chart, and measuring corneal curvature using an autokeratometer and axial eyeball length using A-scan ultrasonography. ResultsA total of 200 attendances were studied, 90 males and 110 females. All were emmetropic. The age range was 21-52 years, and the highest contributors were in the 21-30-year age group. The association between right axial length and right corneal curvature shows a negative relation among both sexes. It was -0.61 (βcoefficient (β-coff)), and highly significant in females at -0.89 (β-coff). Additionally, the association between left axial length and left corneal curvature shows a negative relation of -0.65 (β-coff), which was again highly significant in females at -0.87 (β-coff). Both were not significant in males. There was no significant association linking axial length and eye axis in both sexes. The multivariate regression model was used to assess the p-value, and the regression model was adjusted by age. ConclusionOptical parametric measurement is a noninvasive diagnostic and assessment tool that might help in the actual measurement of intraocular lens implantation in cataract surgery and may also provide supplementary information to the researcher domain.

A study on the correlation between ocular biometric parameters and myopia in children and adolescents: a large-scale population-based study in Chengdu, China

“…A study on corneal biomechanics among 200 emmetropic Bangladeshi individuals aged 21 to 30 years demonstrated a negative correlation between AL and mean keratometry. [42] Recent studies suggested that cornea can compensate for the impact of AL growth on myopia progression through changes in mean keratometry within a certain range of AL growth. [43][44][45] However, this corneal compensation disappeared when AL > 28 mm.…”

Refraction and ocular biometric parameters in 3-to 6-year-old preschool children : a large-scale population-based study in Chengdu, China

“…This was primarily due to this stage being a critical period for eye development, where various components of the eye were undergoing rapid growth and development, including the gradual increase in AL. Studies have indicated a negative correlation between AL and K [ 28 ]. In the progression of myopia within a certain range of AL growth, the cornea can compensate for the effects of AL growth on myopia through changes in curvature, preventing further progression of myopia [ 29 ].…”

The relationship between Axial Length and anterior segment biometry in Highly axial Myopic Children and Adolescents Aged 7 to 18 Years

“…Previous research [11,24,25] has explored the negative correlation between corneal curvature and AL in the progression of myopia within an AL range of <28mm. This suggests that the cornea compensates for AL growth through changes in its curvature, serving as a physiological adaptation for achieving optimal focusing.…”

“…Similarly, a large multicenter study involving 14,127 children and adolescents aged 4-18 in China revealed that AL shows rapid growth trends between 4-9 years, slows down after age 9, and stabilizes around age 15. Therefore, for myopic children, if myopia is not controlled, AL can continue to grow abnormally during this period, exacerbating the imbalance in dynamic matching and leading to HM [10].Previous studies [11,12] have indicated correlations between AL and anterior segment biometry, although some parameter results have been contradictory due to limitations in technology and equipment. The characteristics and variations in AL and anterior segment biometry in cases of high axial myopia have yet to be clari ed.…”