A Study of Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Spectrum of Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Abstract

BACKGROUND There are various pathophysiological factors, which along with hyperglycaemic state is responsible for diabetic foot ulcer. Out of these, there are three important components, which play important role that is vascular changes, neuropathy and immune changes. Glycosylation of nerve proteins, endothelial dysfunction and increased lymphocyte apoptosis is the major pathology that leads to above dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 cases were included in this study. For collection of sample, transport culture and sensitivity, we have followed standard operative procedure, samples collected were plated on blood agar, nutrient agar and MacConkey agar. Conventional method was followed for identification of organism isolated from agar plate like Gram staining, motility testing, oxidase testing and catalase testing. RESULTS In our study, out of 60 culture positive patient, we have found that Escherichia coli was 12 in number that is 20%. Klebsiella was found in 18 samples that is 30%. Pseudomonas was isolated in 12 specimen that is 20% and 10% of the wound having staphylococcus aureus infection. Proteus was found in nine specimens. Rest like CONSA, citrobacter and candida was present in one sample each. CONCLUSION The most common organism isolated out of 60 culture positive specimen was Klebsiella that is 30% of the isolate followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli that is 20% each. We have come to conclusion that chloramphenicol, piperacillintazobactam, amikacin and imipenem adequately covered such infection.