A study of coping stress strategies on psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jabodetabek Area

Abstract

places or facilities, including religious events, social and cultural events, other events specifically related to defence and security aspects [5].In general, PSBB was meant to limit people's movement completely thoroughly, which would result in people doing more activities at home. It severely affected teaching and learning activities, people's mobility to public facilities and transportation means, and work-related activities. PSBB has shifted the heart of such activities from outside the house into the house. Statistics Indonesia (Biro Pusat Statistik or BPS) noted that since the introduction of the work from home (WFH) and PSBB systems in DKI Jakarta, at-home activities increased by 34%, accompanied by a decrease in workplace activity by 73%. BPS also noted a decrease in activities in public areas, such as public transportations, recreation areas, and retail stores where people ordinarily purchase meet their daily needs [6].PSBB also evoked an adaptation process (from changes on their regular life patterns) in the community. It is strongly suspected that such an adaptation process might create new problems, which have the potential to become stressors [7]. Since the implementation of PSBB, the community tended to spend their time at home with limited physical activity. The decreasing movement intensity might affect their circadian rhythm (referred to as 'biological clock'), a natural process inside the body that sets sleep patterns and eating patterns [8]. Changes to the circadian rhythm can cause oversleeping or sleeplessness, which in turn might cause psychological disturbances such as stress, worry, or even depression. Increased stress level might also trigger insomnia [8].Increasing economic vulnerability due to the PSBB policy, such as Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja ('Termination of Employment', hereafter referred to as PHK) or salary cuts experienced by family members, can also become a stressor. In certain levels, accumulated stress and the high degree of interaction at home might trigger familial conflicts. The Indonesian Women's Coalition for Justice and Democracy, through 111 communities in Indonesia, recorded 86 cases of domestic violence [9]. With regards to such findings, it can be said that the PSBB period was a high-risk period for individuals who were unable to control their stressor.Each individual has their ways to manage stress. Such an ability is called coping. Coping can be identified as thoughts and actions used to manage demands in internal or external situations that are considered as stressors [10]. In this paper, which was targeted on Jabodetabek community stuck in the PSBB situation, should it be carried out improperly, coping