A Study of Shielding Properties of X-ray and Gamma in Barium Compounds

Abstract

Background: Ionizing radiation is known to be harmful to human health. The shielding of ionizing radiation depends on the attenuation which can be achieved by three main rules, i.e. time, distance and absorbing material. Materials and Methods:The mass attenuation coefficient, linear attenuation coefficient, Half Value Layer (HVL) and Tenth Value Layer (TVL) of X-rays (32 keV, 74 keV) and gamma rays (662 keV) are measured in Barium compounds. Results and Discussion:The measured values agree well with the theory. The effective atomic numbers (Zeff) and electron density (Ne) of Barium compounds have been computed in the wide energy region 1 keV to 100 GeV using an accurate database of photon-interaction cross sections and the WinXCom program. Conclusion:The mass attenuation coefficient and linear attenuation coefficient for BaCO3 is higher than the BaCl2, Ba(No3)2 and BaSO4. HVL, TVL and mean free path are lower for BaCO3 than the BaCl2, Ba(No3)2 and BaSO4. Among the studied barium compounds, BaCO3 is best material for x-ray and gamma shielding.

Broad Beam Gamma-Ray Spectrometric Studies with Environmental Materials

“…Figure 2 reveals that cement can be considered as best shielding material in comparison with water, soil and sand according to its μb ⁄ρ value, cement on the other hand has the largest Zeff, see Table 2. This result is in line with [21], the material Ba(CO3)2 is reported as best shielding material among the four barium compounds BaCl2, Ba(NO3)2 and BaSO4. Additionally, Ba(CO3)2 was found to have the largest Zeff in the compounds.…”

Calculation of Gamma-Ray Attenuation Parameters for Aluminium, Iron, Zirconium, and Tungsten

“…The effectiveness of gamma-rays shielding is also described in term of the Tenth Value Layer TVL of the material. TVL (cm) can be defined as the thickness of a shield or an absorber that would attenuate a radiation beam to 10% of its radiation level and is obtained using following equation [23]:…”

Photon Absorption characteristics of some selected Enzyme Inhibitors used in Cancer Research in the Energy range 1 keV-100 GeV

“…The correct values of these parameters are important in applied science such as calculations of absorbed dose in radiotherapy, medical physics, nuclear industry, radiation physics and shielding. Many researcher and research groups have investigated the total mass attenuation coef icient, effective atomic number and electron density [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Sayyed et al [4], calculated the effective atomic numbers and electron densities of six analgesic and anti-in lammatory drugs in the energy range 1 keV to 100 MeV.…”

“…Manjunatha [18], measured the mass attenuation coef icients, effective atomic numbers, electron densities and electrical conductivities for YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 in the energy range 0.084 MeV to 1.330 MeV. Seenappa et al [19], determined the mass attenuation coef icients, linear attenuation coef icients, half value layers and tenth value layers for barium compounds at 32, 74 and 662 keV energies. Manjunatha [20], estimated the gamma attenuation parameters such as mass attenuation coef icient, effective atomic number and electron density of poly methyl methacrylate and Kapton polyimide in the energy ranging from 84 keV to 1330 keV.…”