A study of the palatal rugae pattern among male female and transgender population of Bhopal city

Abstract

Context:Transgenders are highly disadvantaged people, deprived of adequate opportunities of earning a respectable living. The forensic literature has emphasized on two genders, male and female, the existence of a third gender (Transgenders) is almost negligible in the literature, and this makes it compulsive to determine their identity through forensic approaches at the time of disasters. Previous studies have demonstrated that no two palatal rugae pattern are alike in their configuration and this unique feature has led us to undertake a study to establish individual identities using palatal rugae pattern.Aims:The purpose of this study was to compare the palatal rugae pattern among male, female, and transgender population of the Bhopal city.Settings and Design:This study was cross sectional in nature and conducted on a convenience sample of 148 subjects selected from Bhopal city, Madhya Pradesh. The study involved 49 males, 51 females, and 48 eunuchs in the age range of 17 to 35 years.Materials and Methods:Maxillary impression using alginate impression material was made and the cast was prepared using die stone on palatal area and dental stone as a base. The palatal rugae pattern was assessed on the basis of number, length, shape, direction, and unification.Statistical Analysis Used:One way ANOVA was used for comparing the mean values between different genders. The multiple pairwise comparisons were done with the Bonferroni post hoc correction. The statistical significance was fixed at 0.05.Results:The statistically significant difference with regard to some parameters like number of rugae, fragmentary rugae, wavy rugae, curve rugae, forwardly directed, and backwardly directed rugae between transgender and other gender groups were present.Conclusion:The difference in the parameters of the palatal rugae pattern among the transgender population and the other gender group is attributed to be the genetic makeup and sexual dimorphism.

Palatal rugae morphology is associated with variation in tooth number

“…In this study we were careful to limit the analysis to a Caucasian sample because there is evidence that rugae pattern does vary between different ethnic groups and populations, and this can include variation in both shape 43,44 and number 6,45 , although not all studies have found significant differences 46 . Similarly, we ensured equal numbers of males and females in each experimental group because gender-based differences in rugae number and pattern have been reported within some populations [47][48][49][50] ; although again, other studies have found no significant gender-related differences 6,[51][52][53] . Longitudinal data in non-treated subjects has shown the rugae to be stable in their antero-posterior relationships, length and inter-rugae distances, with only very minimal changes during development 54 making them amenable to the type of single time-point comparison in two similarly aged groups that was performed in the present investigation 11,12 .…”

Papel Da Odontologia Legal Na Identificação De Corpos Post Mortem E a Sua Contribuição No Âmbito Jurídico: Uma Revisão De Literatura

“…Objetivos Conclusões Raitz et al, 2005Da Silva et al, 2008Carvalho et al, 2009Scoralick et al, 2013Manigandan et al, 2015 Citar os métodos de identificação humana por meio de imagens radiográficas, para fins judiciais.…”

“…Em colaboração, os estudos realizados por Herrera, Fernades, Serra (2013); Verma et al (2014); Kaul et al (2015); Peeran et al (2015) e Saxena et al (2015) concluíram que a queiloscopia é uma técnica recente, podendo ser utilizada para determinar o gênero de um indivíduo. Porém, as limitações existentes em seu uso, impedem que seus resultados sejam fidedignos.…”

Prevalence of palatal rugae shapes in Karnataka and Kerala population: A cross-sectional study

“…Age changes have not been demonstrated in palatal rugae. [ 4 5 6 ] This pattern is unique to individuals, analogous to finger prints. Shetty et al .…”