A study of two metal energetic complexes based on 4-amino-3-(5-tetrazolate)-furazan: synthesis, crystal structure, thermal behaviors and energetic performance

Ma, Xiao; Wang, Xiaohong; Shang, Fan; Ding, Zimei; Hang, Xiaojing; Zhang, Xing; Wei, Shu-Han; Xu, Kangzhen; Huang, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2019.104666

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…From figure S4a ‐ S7b, four gases are produced in the thermal decomposition process for ANPTz, BANTz, MABNG, and AANG: HCN( m/z =27, v =732 cm −1 / m/z =27, v =714 cm −1 / m/z =27, v =672 cm −1 / m/z =27, v =682 cm −1 ), NO 2 ( m/z =30, v =1678 cm −1 / m/z =30, v =1626 cm −1 / m/z =30, v =1736 cm −1 / m/z =30, v =1775 cm −1 ), H 2 O ( m/z =17, m/z =18, v =3359 cm −1 , v =3267 cm −1 / m/z =17, m/z =18, v =3333 cm −1 , v =3275 cm −1 / m/z =17, m/z =18, v =3376 cm −1 , v =3269 cm −1 / m/z =17, m/z =18, v =3376 cm −1 , v =3269 cm −1 ), CO 2 ( m/z =44, v =2107 cm −1 , v =2262 cm −1 / m/z =44, v =2309 cm −1 , v =2242 cm −1 / m/z =44, v =2248 cm −1 , v =2379 cm −1 / m/z =44, v =2269 cm −1 , v =2345 cm −1 ). It means that the groups of pyrazole and nitroguanidine, two nitroguanidines, malonic dihydrazide and acetyl hydrazide are ground fractured respectively [26]. Besides, the gas produce of FANG include not only H 2 O ( m/z =17, m/z =18, v =3376 cm −1 , v = 3269 cm −1 ), HCN ( m/z =26, m/z =27, v =661 cm −1 ), CO 2 ( m/z =44, v =2242 cm −1 , v =2311 cm −1 ), and NO 2 ( m/z =30, v =1735 cm −1 ), but also NH 3 ( m/z =16, m/z =17, v =1262 cm −1 , v =1131 cm −1 ), which may be caused by the fracture of formyl hydrazine group (Figure S8a and S8b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Thermal Behavior and Energy Performance of Nitroguanidyl‐Functionalized Energetic Materials

Bai

Yao²,

Xiao³

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Six nitroguanidyl‐functionalized nitrogen‐rich compounds were synthesized and characterized by EA, FT‐IR, and NMR. In addition, the crystal structures of ANPTz, CABNG, and FANG were further determined by X‐ray single‐crystal diffractometer. The thermal decomposition behaviours were studied by the DSC‐TG‐FTIR‐MS coupling technique and the results showed that all the compounds had good thermal stability, among which ANPTz had the best thermal stability (Td=211.03 °C). Also, HCN, CO2, H2O, and NO2 were released during thermal decomposition process. The self‐accelerating decomposition temperature (TSADT) and thermal explosion critical temperature (Tb) were calculated to evaluate thermal safety, and the relative order was as follows: FANG (TSADT=198.68 °C, Tb=209.97 °C)> ANPTz (TSADT=194.12 °C, Tb=208.63 °C)> BANTz (TSADT=182.52 °C, Tb=207.54 °C)> AANG (TSADT=180.04 °C, Tb=188.35 °C)> CABNG (TSADT=176.80 °C, Tb=187.32 °C)> MABNG (TSADT=173.61 °C, Tb=184.29 °C). The results indicated that FANG had the acceptable sensitivity (IS=7.84 J), good detonation performance (D=8551 m⋅s−1, P=32.33 GPa), and the significant catalytic effect (the decomposition temperature of RDX decreased by 8.31 °C).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Thermal Behavior and Energy Performance of Nitroguanidyl‐Functionalized Energetic Materials

Bai

Yao²,

Xiao³

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…In particular, energetic metal–organic frameworks (EMOFs) have appeared in the past decade as a new type of energetic material. 9–13 Compared with traditional energetic materials, such as TNT and RDX, EMOFs not only have adjustable compositions and abundant micropores but also rigid coordination structures, which ensure their high stability and low sensitivity. Meanwhile, the highly dispersed metal centers can become catalytically active sites which promote the thermal decomposition of other energetic components in propellants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile synthesis and superior properties of a nitrogen-rich energetic Zn-MOF with a 2D azide-bridged bilayer structure

et al. 2022

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Characterization of thermal decomposition mechanism and combustion performance of 4,4’‐azobis(1,2,4‐triazole)**

Pan,

Guo,

Nie

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Abstract4,4’‐azobis(1,2,4‐triazole) (ATRZ), as a representative of high‐nitrogen compound, has attracted extensive interests. This work explores the thermal decomposition mechanism and combustion performance of ATRZ. The thermogravimetry‐differential scanning calorimetry‐fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG‐DSC‐FTIR) of ATRZ was carried out at heating rate of 10 °C/min in an argon atmosphere. ATRZ has two peak exothermic temperatures, 110.24 °C and 306.85 °C respectively. The exothermic peak at 110.24 °C is the decomposition of ATRZ tiny debris, and the exothermic peak at 306.85 °C is the decomposition of the main part of ATRZ. The pyrolysis‐gas chromatography mass spectrometry (PY‐GC/MS) of ATRZ was carried out at 350 °C in an argon atmosphere. By combining TG‐DSC‐FTIR and PY‐GC/MS, the thermal decomposition mechanism of ATRZ was speculated. The main reaction in the ATRZ pyrolysis process is the cleavage of two N−N single bonds in the nitrogen bridge, forming a nitrogen molecule and two triazole rings, which is the majority of the first step decomposition reaction. At the same time, a small number of triazole rings break off to form other intermediates. A small amount of nitrogen gas is generated and a large number of CN clusters are formed. Under the same testing conditions, ATRZ has a higher combustion heat (19318 J/g) than other traditional CHNO energetic materials. By comparing the laser ignition combustion of ATRZ and ATRZ+RDX, the combustion temperature of ATRZ+RDX is higher and the combustion duration is longer. The introduction of CHNO type ammonium nitrate explosives promotes the energy release of ATRZ.

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A study of two metal energetic complexes based on 4-amino-3-(5-tetrazolate)-furazan: synthesis, crystal structure, thermal behaviors and energetic performance

Cited by 13 publications

References 48 publications

Synthesis, Thermal Behavior and Energy Performance of Nitroguanidyl‐Functionalized Energetic Materials

Synthesis, Thermal Behavior and Energy Performance of Nitroguanidyl‐Functionalized Energetic Materials

Facile synthesis and superior properties of a nitrogen-rich energetic Zn-MOF with a 2D azide-bridged bilayer structure

Characterization of thermal decomposition mechanism and combustion performance of 4,4’‐azobis(1,2,4‐triazole)**

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