A Study of Vertebra and Disc Geometric Relations of the Human Cervical and Lumbar Spine

Gilad, Issachar; Nissan, Moshe

doi:10.1097/00007632-198603000-00010

Cited by 164 publications

(90 citation statements)

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“…The lumbar lordosis was subsequently compared with data presented in Cholewicki et al (1996) and Meakin et al (2008) to ensure accuracy. The vertebral geometries were correlated with the anatomical studies by Gilad and Nissan (1986), Nissan and Gilad (1986), and those of Panjabi et al (1992), and the intervertebral heights adjusted according to the ratio of vertebral height and disc height. That is, we took the given 3D bone geometry from the existing lumbar spine bone geometry file in OpenSim, placed point markers on particular anatomical locations (e.g., top front point, bottom front point), and then used these markers to get values for the front vertebral heights and rear vertebral heights of each lumbar vertebrae.…”

Section: Musculoskeletal Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Musculoskeletal model for the lumbar spine

Christophy

Senan

Lotz

et al. 2011

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

261

228

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A new musculoskeletal model for the lumbar spine is described in this paper. This model features a rigid pelvis and sacrum, the five lumbar vertebrae, and a rigid torso consisting of a lumped thoracic spine and ribcage. The motion of the individual lumbar vertebrae was defined as a fraction of the net lumbar movement about the three rotational degrees of freedom: flexion-extension lateral bending, and axial rotation. Additionally, the eight main muscle groups of the lumbar spine were incorporated using 238 muscle fascicles with prescriptions for the parameters in the Hill-type muscle models obtained with the help of an extensive literature survey. The features of the model include the abilities to predict joint reactions, muscle forces, and muscle activation patterns. To illustrate the capabilities of the model and validate its physiological similarity, the model's predictions for the moment arms of the muscles are shown for a range of flexion-extension motions of the lower back. The model uses the OpenSim platform and is freely available on https://www.simtk.org/home/lumbarspine to other spinal researchers interested in analyzing the kinematics of the spine. The model can also be integrated with existing OpenSim models to build more comprehensive models of the human body.

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Section: Musculoskeletal Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Musculoskeletal model for the lumbar spine

Christophy

Senan

Lotz

et al. 2011

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

261

228

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…16 The average anterior height of the cervical vertebral bodies varies between cervical levels and sexes. 13 The average height has been estimated to be 14.5 mm (range 11.9-17.7 mm). The height of the superior flange of the Prestige implant is 7.5 mm above the disc space, and the inferior flange extends 7.1 mm below the disc space.…”

Section: Adjacent-segment Osteophyte Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of cervical disc replacement with the Prestige disc: results from a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial

Burkus

Haid²,

Traynelis

et al. 2010

SPI

239

166

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Object The purpose of this study was to determine long-term clinical outcomes in patients undergoing anterior cervical surgery in which a cervical disc prosthesis was used to treat single-level degenerative cervical disc disease. Methods In this prospective, nonblinded study, 541 patients at 32 investigational sites were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups. The results of the investigational group, in which patients received the Prestige disc prosthesis, were compared with those of the control group, in which patients underwent an instrumented interbody fusion. Data were collected preoperatively, intraoperatively, and at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 60 months postoperatively. To date, 271 patients have completed 5 years of clinical follow-up (144 investigational and 127 control patients). Results Significant improvements in Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores, Physical Component Summary scores of the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, and neck and arm pain scores were achieved by 1.5 months in both groups and sustained at 5 years. The mean NDI improvements from preoperative scores were 35.4, 36.3, and 38.4 at 24, 36, and 60 months, respectively, in the investigational group. The corresponding mean NDI improvements were 33.9, 31.3, and 34.1 in the control group. The intergroup differences at both 36 and 60 months were significant (p = 0.008 and 0.022, respectively). The overall rates of maintenance or improvement in neurological status in the investigational group were 91.6%, 92.8%, and 95.0%, respectively, at 24, 36, and 60 months compared with 83.6%, 83.2%, and 88.9% in the control group (p = 0.006, 0.004, and 0.051, respectively). The implant effectively maintained angular motion, averaging more than 7.3° at 36 months and 6.5° at 60 months after surgery. No implant migration was observed up to 60 months. There were statistically significant differences between the investigational and control groups with regard to the rate of revision and supplemental fixation surgical procedures performed subsequent to the index procedure. Additional surgical procedures for adjacent-segment disease were observed in both treatment groups. Rates for surgery at adjacent levels trended lower in the investigational group (8 patients [11 surgeries]) compared with those in the control group (13 patients [16 surgeries]), but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.376). Some of the second surgeries involved both index and adjacent levels. Conclusions The Prestige disc maintains improved clinical outcomes and segmental motion after implantation at 5-year follow-up.

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“…The heights of fractured vertebral bodies, old or fresh, and of the intervertebral discs [13] just below these vertebral bodies were measured on lateral lumbar spine radiographs for 34 of these patients at the latest follow-up. The duration of follow-up for these patients was between 5 and 7 years.…”

Section: Follow-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between vertebral body deformity and disc degeneration in lumbar spine of the senile

Dai

1998

European Spine Journal

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This study provides an investigation of the relationship between vertebral deformities and disc degeneration in patients with senile osteoporosis using biomechanical and medical imaging methods. The finite element analysis showed that stress concentration in the central area of the vertebral body is much decreased with disc degeneration, indicating that load transmission has been altered. Radiography and MRI suggested that vertebral deformities are related to the height and degeneration of the disc just below this vertebral body. When a disc has decreased height or degeneration, the vertebral body just above it is less likely to be deformed for patients with spinal osteoporosis.

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A Study of Vertebra and Disc Geometric Relations of the Human Cervical and Lumbar Spine

Cited by 164 publications

References 0 publications

A Musculoskeletal model for the lumbar spine

A Musculoskeletal model for the lumbar spine

Long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of cervical disc replacement with the Prestige disc: results from a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial

The relationship between vertebral body deformity and disc degeneration in lumbar spine of the senile

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