A Study on Foetomaternal Outcomes Among Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Western Odisha

Abstract

BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder in pregnancy. The incidence of GDM increases in older and more obese pregnant women. GDM increases the risk of certain pregnancy complications like pregnancy-induced hypertension and adverse perinatal outcome. Aims and Objectives-1. To assess the foetomaternal outcome in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. 2. To find out the relationship of BMI in pregnant women with GDM and its foetomaternal outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VSSIMSAR, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha with a total sample size of 100. RESULTS Maternal complications like UTI, polyhydramnios, IUGR and vaginal candidiasis were proportionately more in GDM group than in Non-GDM group. Out of all neonatal complications, only hyperbilirubinaemia cases were found to be statistically significantly associated with GDM with (p value < 0.05). The mean BMI of total patients found out to be (26.40 ± 4.94 kg/m 2). Mean BMI was higher in women with GDM (29.81 ± 3.76 kg/m 2) than Non-GDM (23.00 ± 3.39 kg/m 2). Only vaginal candidiasis is found to be statistically significantly associated with BMI (p value < 0.05). CONCLUSION Many maternal and foetal complications are significantly seen more among GDM population compared to Non-GDM group. Early universal screening is essential.