A Study on Ocular Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus

Kathiara, Alok; Patel, Ravija; Ahir, Hasmukh

doi:10.5455/jrmds.20153211

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…DM affects both the anterior and posterior segment of the eye. [5][6][7] Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common micro-vascular complication of diabetes. DR can lead to irreversible visual impairment and blindness if treatment is delayed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Agreement on Grading Retinal Findings of Patients with Diabetes Using Fundus Photographs by Allied Medical Personnel when Compared to an Ophthalmologist at a Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program in Nepal</p>

Thapa¹,

Bajimaya²,

Pradhan³

et al. 2020

OPTH

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Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the emerging cause of blindness in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of grading retinal findings of patients with diabetes using fundus photographs by allied medical personnel (AMP) when compared to an ophthalmologist. Materials and Methods: Six AMPs were enrolled for grading fundus photographs of patients with diabetes after three and six months of training twice at two weeks interval. The total number of fundus photographs graded were 1,344. Grading by a retina specialist was used as the gold standard. Intra-rater and inter-rater agreement was assessed using the kappa coefficient (k). Results: The intra-rater agreement of half of the AMPs in both three months and six months was almost perfect for grading of any retinal abnormalities, and substantial for retinal hemorrhages. In three months, the overall inter-rater agreement at the second rating was moderate for any retinal abnormalities (k=0.60) and retinal hemorrhage (k=0.48) and was fair for macular exudates (k=0.35). The overall inter-rater agreement of AMPs in six months at the second rating was substantial for any retinal abnormalities (k=0.61), fair for retinal hemorrhage (k=0.30), and moderate for macular exudates (k=0.49). The overall inter-rater agreement at first rating was almost similar to the second rating in both three months and six months. Conclusion: Intra-rater agreement of AMPs was almost perfect for any retinal abnormalities and substantial for retinal hemorrhage. The inter-rater agreement of AMP was substantial for any retinal abnormalities and moderate for retinal hemorrhages and macular exudates. The agreement results were almost similar at three months and six months. AMPs could be utilized in screening of DR and other retinal pathologies for timely referral to reduce the blindness in low-resource settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Agreement on Grading Retinal Findings of Patients with Diabetes Using Fundus Photographs by Allied Medical Personnel when Compared to an Ophthalmologist at a Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program in Nepal</p>

Thapa¹,

Bajimaya²,

Pradhan³

et al. 2020

OPTH

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“…Prevalence of chalazion in diabetics was found to be similar to other studies (1.6%-3%). 10,11 In our study, we found that MGD was more in diabetics than non-diabetics (15.4% vs 5.4%) (Table 6) and this difference was statistically significant. This could be due to higher susceptibility of diabetics to infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Comparison of ocular manifestations in diabetic vs. non-diabetic patients in southern Rajasthan

Mali

Mehta²,

Patel³

2022

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Effects of DM are gradual, progressive and due to chronic exposure to high blood sugar levels. DM also affect the eyes which can lead to ocular morbidity as DR can cause blindness. In that view, it becomes increasingly important to diagnose them at the earliest for proper management and prevention of complications.Methods: A total of 182 patients examined, out of which 91 were diabetic and 91 were non diabetic. Complete ocular examination was done that included visual acuity, anterior segment and fundus. Diabetic retinopathy was graded according to ETDRS classification. Diabetic patients were divided into 3 groups on the basis of HbA1c level (%): group-A (6-8), group-B (8-10) and group-C (>10). Patients were divided into 3 groups on the basis of duration (years): group1 (<5), group-2 (5-10) and group-3 (>10).Results: Ocular manifestations were more prevalent in diabetics than non-diabetics along with that DR was found in diabetic patients and no retinopathy was found in non-diabetic patients. Out of 91 diabetic patients, DR was found in 30(33.3%) patients. Out of 30 DR, NPDR was found in 25(75%) and PDR was found in 5 (15%). DR in group A, B and C: 0, 17 (58%) and 13 (86%) respectively. DR in group1,2 and 3 was 3 (7.5%), 11 (35.4%) and 16 (80%) respectively.Conclusions: Longer duration of diabetes and higher HbA1c level are associated with increased prevalence and severity of DR.

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“…However, in our study, both old age and increased duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus were to be the causative factor. 2 (Figure 1)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of ocular manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus at tertiary eye care centre in South India

Sivaraman

Padma²

2022

IJOOO

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The main purpose of our study is to provide a general view of various ocular manifestations observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Ocular manifestations observed in our study not only include cataract and retinopathy but also other anterior and posterior segment ocular manifestations and their epidemiology. We wanted to evaluate the different ocular manifestations in type 2 diabetes mellitus, its clinical profile, and its relationship between various risk factors. All cases with a known case of type 2 diabetes mellitus presented to the Tertiary Eye Care Centre, Telangana, in South India were examined in detail to know the various ocular manifestations. A prospective observational study was done. Patients who presented with diabetes were examined in detail, diabetes history, and further investigated to know anterior and posterior segment ocular manifestations. The study was conducted on 500 patients over 18 months from December 2018 to June 2020. All 500 patients were examined in detail. Ocular manifestations observed in type 2 Diabetes mellitus include cataract, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, keratitis, retinal vascular occlusion, ophthalmoplegia, lid lesions, ischemic optic neuropathy, age-related macular degenerations. Diabetes mellitus is an important health problem that causes significant morbidity due to specific microvascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, and macrovascular complications such as ischemic heart disease, and peripheral vasculopathy. Ocular manifestations were more likely to occur in both eyes in diabetes patients. Treatment and visual rehabilitation vary for different ocular manifestations. A thorough early ocular evaluation of patients and management is of utmost importance to prevent further visual impairment.

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A Study on Ocular Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

<p>Agreement on Grading Retinal Findings of Patients with Diabetes Using Fundus Photographs by Allied Medical Personnel when Compared to an Ophthalmologist at a Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program in Nepal</p>

<p>Agreement on Grading Retinal Findings of Patients with Diabetes Using Fundus Photographs by Allied Medical Personnel when Compared to an Ophthalmologist at a Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program in Nepal</p>

Comparison of ocular manifestations in diabetic vs. non-diabetic patients in southern Rajasthan

A study of ocular manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus at tertiary eye care centre in South India

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