A Study on Potentiality of Carbon Storage and CO2 Uptake in the Biomass and Soil of Coppice Stand

Khademi, Amin; Babaei, S.; Mataji, A A

doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.346.351

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, the DCF approach is still considered to be the standard approach in financial evaluation. The article would develop and apply a DCF approach to evaluate renovation investment in residential buildings [32]; the approach was applied by several researchers in other types of real estate investments such as agrarian investment [33,34] and renewable energy plants [35][36][37][38][39][40]. The article considers investment to improve energy efficiency with the aim of quantifying the total monetary amount absorbed and generated in the whole life of the building.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Investment in Renovation to Increase the Quality of Buildings: A Specific Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Approach of Appraisal

Bonazzi

Iotti

2016

Sustainability

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Abstract:The objective of this article is to develop and apply a specific discounting cash flow (DCF) approach to evaluate investment in renovation to improve building quality, thus increasing energy efficiency. In this article, we develop and apply a specific net present value (NPV) and an internal rate of return (IRR) approach to quantify the value created for the owners of the building by the investment in renovation via energy-saving investments that produce positive externalities. The model has an applied interest because, in recent years, a lot of investments in real estate were made by owners in order to increase the green quality of the buildings, and several funds of public aid were provided by the government to stimulate these energy-saving investments. The model proposed here is applied to a case study of a 16-apartment building located in northern Italy considers the model attempts to quantify the initial investment value, the energy savings, the tax deduction of the initial investment and the terminal value of the investment as the increase in building value. The analysis shows that the model is consistent in evaluating investments to improve building quality, and investments within the context of the specific case study considered in the research have IRRs ranging from a minimum of 4.907% to a maximum of 12.980%. It could even be useful to consider a sample of cases to verify whether our results are representative of this specific case study. The model could represent a useful tool for consumers in evaluating their own investments in building renovation, from a stand-alone perspective and even by comparing them with other types of investment. The research could be developed in the future to quantify the social welfare generated by public spending via tax deductions to reduce the costs of investment in energy savings for buildings and could even be applied to new real estate projects in comparing different construction technologies and even comparing the return of renovation investment with other investments not even in the real estate sector.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Investment in Renovation to Increase the Quality of Buildings: A Specific Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Approach of Appraisal

Bonazzi

Iotti

2016

Sustainability

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“…The yearly running costs that involve money are around €65,000 (Table 1). To analyze firm's performance is considered its feasability study, as frequently done in several researches (Khademi et al, 2009;Khambalkar et al, 2013;Lanfranchi et al, 2014;Niu et al, 2014;Hsu et al, 2014;Iotti and Bonazzi, 2014a;2014b) even about life cycle cost and life cycle assesment approaches (Wiloso et al, 2014;Winden et al, 2014). FCFE was positive in any period from 2009 to 2014 and DSCR >1 in the same times, thus complying with the financial constraints vinculum of Equation 17; again, it is worth noting that IRRE is 25.37%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of Biogas Plants by the Application of an Internal Rate of Return and Debt Service Coverage Approach

Bonazzi¹,

Iotti²

2015

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Energy production using renewable energy has an effect on environmental sustainability and on public expenditure. In fact, this industry is heavily assisted by public support from the European Union and the Italian State. Developing and applying a method to evaluate the return on investment for companies operating in the field of renewable energy allows them to quantify their efficient use of public resources. In this research we develop an assessment method that combines the rate of return on equity capital (IRRE) and financial viability (DSCR), in which IRRE > Ke and sub DSCR >1 for any given period of the investment. This method enables us to quantify both the equity capital return and financial sustainability. The method is applied to a case study of a company's production of biogas from livestock effluents located in the province of Reggio Emilia, Italy. The analysis shows that biogas investment guarantees financial sustainability, even in the case of financial liabilities, in the case examined. It also shows that IRRE is higher than average, with a return on equity assured both by market average (MRP) and government bonds in the long term. The research could be further developed by quantifying the social welfare generated by public spending and private investment as equity capital, both in terms of its activation of the economy and in terms of assessing the environmental effects that qualify as externalities.

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“…CO 2 is one of the most important greenhouse gases produced from combustion process (Al-Mutairi and Koushki, 2009;Bundela and Chawla, 2010;Khademi et al, 2009). It can be utilized as reactant for hydrocarbon reforming to produce synthesis gas (also called syngas).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Partial Oxidation and Carbon Dioxide Reforming Process: A Thermodynamic Study

Jarungthammachote¹

2011

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: CO 2 reforming is one of the methods to utilize a greenhouse gas to produce syngas, an important feed for methanol and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. However, CO 2 reforming is strong endothermic reaction requiring large amount of supplied energy. Partial oxidation, an exothermic reaction, is combined with CO 2 reforming to serve the energy requirement. Thus, the optimum ranges of O 2 and CO 2 fed to the process corresponding to feedstock are needed to find. Moreover, one of the most important problems found in this process is solid carbon formation. Therefore, the operating range in which the carbon formation can be avoided is also required to study. Approach: In this study CH 4 was used as feedstock. The optimum rage of O 2 and CO 2 fed to the process was found by using thermodynamic equilibrium method based on minimization of Gibbs free energy. The Lagrange multiplier method was conducted to form the equations and they were solved by the Newton-Raphson method. The solid carbon formation zone was also simulated. Results: The simulation showed that higher reaction temperature caused higher CH 4 and CO 2 conversions. Syngas production increased with increasing temperature. Operating the process with high temperature or high O 2 /CH 4 and CO 2 /CH 4 rations could eliminate solid carbon formation. Increase of O 2 /CH 4 ration higher than 0.1 led decreasing syngas while increase of CO 2 /CH 4 ration caused increasing H 2 and CO. However, when CO 2 /CH 4 ration was higher than 0.85, increasing CO 2 /CH 4 ration showed insignificant change of syngas concentration. Conclusion: The combined partial oxidation and CO 2 reforming of method should be operated with reaction temperature of 1050 K. The optimum range of CH 4 :CO 2 :O 2 for this process is 1: 0.85-1.0:0.1-0.2.

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A Study on Potentiality of Carbon Storage and CO2 Uptake in the Biomass and Soil of Coppice Stand

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Evaluation of Investment in Renovation to Increase the Quality of Buildings: A Specific Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Approach of Appraisal

Evaluation of Investment in Renovation to Increase the Quality of Buildings: A Specific Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Approach of Appraisal

Evaluation of Biogas Plants by the Application of an Internal Rate of Return and Debt Service Coverage Approach

Combined Partial Oxidation and Carbon Dioxide Reforming Process: A Thermodynamic Study

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