A study on pyro-hydrometallurgical process for selective recovery of Pb, Sn and Sb from lead dross

Kim, Woo Jin; Seo, Sangyun; Lee, Seong Il; Kim, Dong Wan; Kim, Myong Jun

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126071

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Thus, an "extra step" of roasting is required to separate the Pb and Sb. Figure 6 (b) shows that the PbO2 from the first roasting step can be completely sulfated at 300°C (KIM et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals of Pyrometallurgical Operations in Lead-Acid Battery Recycling

Gomes¹,

Ponte²,

Brum³

et al. 2023

Anais Do Congresso Internacional De Engenharia Mecânica E Industrial

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RESUMO: A produção de chumbo secundário no Brasil está ligada às indústrias do ramo metalúrgico, mais especificamente nas recicladoras de baterias chumbo-ácido. O processo de reciclagem é dividido em algumas etapas como a moagem, a fundição e o refino, onde os fornos ou reatores utilizados são do tipo revérberos rotativos; e todas as operações pirometalúrgicas (ustulação, redução, separação chumbo/matte e a formação de escória) visam o melhor aproveitamento energético e a menor quantidade de impurezas no produto final e também no seu resíduo, a fim de tornar o processo sustentável sem agredir o meio ambiente. Este trabalho teve como objetivo, abordar os aspectos gerais e fundamentais relacionados às operações pirometalúrgicas da reciclagem de baterias chumbo-ácido e a metodologia de trabalho consistiu em uma revisão da literatura relacionada ao tema central, na qual foram verificadas algumas condições operacionais para o melhor entendimento do processo como um todo. Os resultados obtidos através da avaliação do comportamento termodinâmico de diversos elementos constituintes do processo pirometalúrgico, mostraram os parâmetros fundamentais de controle do processo para uma produção otimizada de chumbo secundário.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals of Pyrometallurgical Operations in Lead-Acid Battery Recycling

Gomes¹,

Ponte²,

Brum³

et al. 2023

Anais Do Congresso Internacional De Engenharia Mecânica E Industrial

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“…As part of their separation processes, the calcine from the two-stage roasting was desulphurized with a 2 M Na 2 CO 3 liquid for leaching using HNO 3 . The formation of Na 2 SO 4 during the process was an essential factor evaluated in this stage to maximize Pb recovery [91]. Before the HNO 3 leaching, the deposit from desulphurization was filtered and washed.…”

Section: Xrdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before the HNO 3 leaching, the deposit from desulphurization was filtered and washed. Based on the ICP-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) measurement of an aqueous sample after leaching, over 99% of Pb was leached at temperatures over 50 • C [91]. For the retrieval of Sn and Sb, a remnant from Pb leaching was taken for the next steps.…”

Section: Xrdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The precipitate's XRD examination findings revealed that 2PbCO 3 Pb (OH) 2 and PbCO 3 were key components in the Pb end product. Sb was extracted as Sb 2 O 3 from Sn (SnO 2 ) at a pH of less than 8, and the elements of the recovery processes were verified using XRD [91]. XRD separation is critical in validating the structure of the accessible components in the final residue.…”

Section: Xrdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The State of Critical and Strategic Metals Recovery and the Role of Nuclear Techniques in the Separation Technologies Development: Review

et al. 2023

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The extraction of useful minerals or geological materials from the Earth’s crust, most typically from various sources, is crucial to a country’s development and progress. Mineral-rich countries use these resources to transform their economies and propel them toward long-term prosperity. There is an urgent need for the world to increase mineral exploration efforts, improve the recycling of important metal-containing resources, and extract them using upgraded hydrometallurgical procedures with high recovery efficiency. This review paper highlights the importance of strategic and critical metals in the economy and the role of nuclear techniques in the analysis, process optimization, and remediation of metals using solvent extraction, adsorption, and chromatographic resins. Radiotracer analysis, X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) are appropriate for improving laboratory-based hydrometallurgical processes, with future technical and economic benefits. The development and installation of novel instruments to provide the real-time control of mining and mineral processing plants for improved control have the potential to aid in the recovery of a broad range of metals.

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“…In recent years, prices for bismuth have decreased considerably [ 98 ], while tin and lead are known as available and inexpensive materials. Despite its toxicity, lead is widely used in batteries for which special recycling/recovery programs exist; some tin compounds can impose toxic effects; however, leaching, roasting, and precipitation procedures can be used for the effective extraction of these metals [ 99 , 100 , 101 ]. Low melting point metals (such as In, Zn, Bi) appear to be effective for Mg activation because they readily react with the formation of complex ‘cathodic’ compounds during ball milling [ 102 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Bi–Sn–Pb Alloy and Ball-Milling Duration on the Reactivity of Magnesium–Aluminum Waste-Based Materials for Hydrogen Production

et al. 2023

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In the present study, composite materials were elaborated of mixed scrap of Mg-based casting alloys and low melting point Bi–Sn–Pb alloy by high energy ball milling, and their reactivity in NaCl solution with hydrogen release was tested. The impacts of the additive content and ball milling duration on their microstructure and hydrogen generation performance were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed significant microstructural transformations of the particles during milling, and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) proved the formation of new intermetallic phases Mg3Bi2, Mg2Sn, and Mg2Pb. The said intermetallic phases were anticipated to act as ‘microcathodes’ enhancing galvanic corrosion of the base metal. The dependency of the samples’ reactivity on the additive content and milling duration was determined to be nonmonotonic. For the samples with 0, 2.5, and 5 wt.% Rose alloy, ball-milling during 1 h provided the highest hydrogen generation rates and yields (as compared to 0.5 and 2 h), while in the case of the maximum 10 wt.%, the optimal time shifted to 0.5 h. The sample activated with 10 wt.% Rose alloy for 0.5 h provided the highest ‘metal-to-hydrogen’ yield and rapid reaction, thus overperforming those with lower additive contents and that without additives.

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A study on pyro-hydrometallurgical process for selective recovery of Pb, Sn and Sb from lead dross

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Fundamentals of Pyrometallurgical Operations in Lead-Acid Battery Recycling

Fundamentals of Pyrometallurgical Operations in Lead-Acid Battery Recycling

The State of Critical and Strategic Metals Recovery and the Role of Nuclear Techniques in the Separation Technologies Development: Review

Effects of Bi–Sn–Pb Alloy and Ball-Milling Duration on the Reactivity of Magnesium–Aluminum Waste-Based Materials for Hydrogen Production

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