A study on variation of atmospheric pollutants over Bhubaneswar during imposition of nationwide lockdown in India for the COVID-19 pandemic

Panda, Subhasmita; Mallik, Chinmay; Nath, Jyotishree; Das, Trupti; Boopathy, R.

doi:10.1007/s11869-020-00916-5

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…China: (Agarwal et al, 2020;Chauhan and Singh, 2020;Chen et al, 2020a;Chen et al, 2020c;Chen et al, 2020d;Fan et al, 2020;G Huang and Sun, 2020;Lian et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2020c;Miyazaki et al, 2020;Nichol et al, 2020;Pei et al, 2020;Shakoor et al, 2020;Shi and Brasseur, 2020;Silver et al, 2020;Wan et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2020a;Wang et al, 2020b;Wang et al, 2020f;Xu et al, 2020c;Zhang et al, 2020a;Yuan et al, 2021) Other: (Ghahremanloo et al, 2020;Han et al, 2020;Ju et al, 2020;Ma and Kang, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020b) South Asia India: (Bedi et al, 2020;Beig et al, 2020;Biswal et al, 2020;Chatterjee et al, 2020;Gautam et al, 2020;Harshita and Vivek, 2020;Jain and Sharma, 2020;Kant et al, 2020;Kumari and Toshniwal, 2020;Panda et al, 2020;Ranjan et al, 2020;Selvam et al, 2020;Sharma et al, 2020a;Siddiqui et al, 2020;Singh and Chauhan, 2020;…”

Section: East Asiaunclassified

“…, 2020),(Zhang et al, 2020d), United Kingdom:(Higham et al, 2020),(Fu et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020d), Russia:(Fu et al, 2020), Italy:(Fu et al, 2020), France:(Fu et al, 2020),(Zhang et al, 2020d), Spain:(Fu et al, 2020),(Martorell-Marugán et al, 2021),(Zhang et al, 2020d), and Germany:(Zhang et alet al, 2020a;Chen et al, 2020d;Jia et al, 2020b;Liu et al, 2020c;Qiu et al, 2020;Yuan et al, 2021), India:(Chatterjee et al, 2020;Panda et al, 2020), Italy:(Collivignarelli et al, 2020), United Kingdom: (Ropkins and Tate, 2020), Canada: (Adams, 2020), United States:(Xiang et al, 2020), and Brazil:(Nakada and Urban, 2020;Siciliano et al, 2020b) AOD India:(Gautam, 2020b;Ranjan et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020d), China(Diamond and Wood, 2020;Ghahremanloo et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020d;Shen et al, 2021), South Korea, and Japan(Ghahremanloo et al, 2020), North America, and Europe(Zhang et al, 2020d) NMVOCs China:(Ghahremanloo et al, 2020;Jia et al, 2020b;Qiu et al, 2020), South Korea:(Ghahremanloo et al, 2020), Japan:(Ghahremanloo et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020b), India:(Beig et al, 20...…”

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confidence: 99%

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The global impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on urban air pollution

Gkatzelis

Gilman

Brown

et al. 2021

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

137

154

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The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic led to government interventions to limit the spread of the disease which are unprecedented in recent history; for example, stay at home orders led to sudden decreases in atmospheric emissions from the transportation sector. In this review article, the current understanding of the influence of emission reductions on atmospheric pollutant concentrations and air quality is summarized for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone (O3), ammonia, sulfur dioxide, black carbon, volatile organic compounds, and carbon monoxide (CO). In the first 7 months following the onset of the pandemic, more than 200 papers were accepted by peer-reviewed journals utilizing observations from ground-based and satellite instruments. Only about one-third of this literature incorporates a specific method for meteorological correction or normalization for comparing data from the lockdown period with prior reference observations despite the importance of doing so on the interpretation of results. We use the government stringency index (SI) as an indicator for the severity of lockdown measures and show how key air pollutants change as the SI increases. The observed decrease of NO2 with increasing SI is in general agreement with emission inventories that account for the lockdown. Other compounds such as O3, PM2.5, and CO are also broadly covered. Due to the importance of atmospheric chemistry on O3 and PM2.5 concentrations, their responses may not be linear with respect to primary pollutants. At most sites, we found O3 increased, whereas PM2.5 decreased slightly, with increasing SI. Changes of other compounds are found to be understudied. We highlight future research needs for utilizing the emerging data sets as a preview of a future state of the atmosphere in a world with targeted permanent reductions of emissions. Finally, we emphasize the need to account for the effects of meteorology, emission trends, and atmospheric chemistry when determining the lockdown effects on pollutant concentrations.

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Section: East Asiaunclassified

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The global impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on urban air pollution

Gkatzelis

Gilman

Brown

et al. 2021

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

137

154

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As the lockdown situation is being implemented nation-wide, the transported anthropogenic component could be less than that of the pre-lockdown period. A similar study over Bhubaneswar (a city along the east coast of India) reported a 47% reduction in BC during the lockdown period when compared to the pre-lockdown level ( Panda et al, 2020 ). Moreover, the generally present prominent bimodal peaks in the diurnal variation of BC were not observed during the lockdown period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the fine particulate matter concentration levels: Results from Bengaluru megacity, India

Sreekanth

Kushwaha²,

Kulkarni

et al. 2021

Advances in Space Research

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Leveraging the COVID-19 India-wide lockdown situation, the present study attempts to quantify the reduction in the ambient fine particulate matter concentrations during the lockdown (compared with that of the pre-lockdown period), owing to the highly reduced specific anthropogenic activities and thereby pollutant emissions. The study was conducted over Bengaluru (India), using PM 2.5 (mass concentration of particulate matter having size less than or equal to 2.5 µm) and Black Carbon mass concentration (BC) data. Open-access datasets from pollution control board (PCB) were also utilised to understand the spatial variability and region-specific reduction in PM 2.5 across the city. The highest percentage reduction was observed in BC ff (black carbon attributable to fossil fuel combustion), followed by total BC and PM 2.5 . No decrease in BC bb (black carbon attributable to wood/biomass burning) was observed, suggesting unaltered wood-based cooking activities and biomass-burning (local/regional) throughout the study period. Results support the general understanding of multi-source (natural and anthropogenic) nature of PM 2.5 in contrast to limited-source (combustion based) nature of BC. The diurnal amplitudes in BC and BC ff were reduced, while they remained almost the same for PM 2.5 and BC bb . Analysis of PCB data reveal the highest reduction in PM 2.5 in an industrial cluster area. The current lockdown situation acted as a natural model to understand the role of a few major anthropogenic activities (viz., traffic, construction, industries related to non-essential goods, etc.) in enhancing the background fine particulate matter levels. Contemporary studies reporting reduction in surface fine particulate matter and satellite retrieved columnar Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) during COVID-19 lockdown period are discussed.

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“…A few studies have been conducted to reveal the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures on ambient BC concentrations. Reported studies from the USA [66], Italy [67], China [68,69], and India [70] revealed that BC concentrations reduced within the range between 22% and 71% in response to lockdown measures to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Apportionment of Ambient Black Carbon during the COVID-19 Lockdown

Anıl

Alagha

2020

IJERPH

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Black carbon (BC) particles being emitted from mobile and stationary emission sources as a result of combustion activities have significant impacts on human health and climate change. A lot of social activities have been halted during the COVID-19 lockdowns, which has evidently enhanced the ambient and indoor air quality. This paper investigates the possible emission sources and evaluates the meteorological conditions that may affect the dispersion and transport of BC locally and regionally. Ground-level equivalent BC (eBC) measurements were performed between January 2020 and July 2020 at a university campus located in Dammam city of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The fossil fuel (eBCff) and biomass burning (eBCbb) fractions of total eBC (eBCt) concentrations were estimated as 84% and 16%, respectively, during the entire study period. The mean eBCbb, eBCff, and eBCt concentrations during the lockdown reduced by 14%, 24%, and 23%, respectively. The results of statistical analyses indicated that local fossil fuel burning emissions and atmospheric conditions apparently affected the observed eBC levels. Long-range potential source locations, including Iraq, Kuwait, Iran, distributed zones in the Arabian Gulf, and United Arab Emirates and regional source areas, such as the Arabian Gulf coastline of the KSA, Bahrain, and Qatar, were associated with moderate to high concentrations observed at the receptor site as a result of cluster analysis and concentration-weighted trajectory analysis methods.

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A study on variation of atmospheric pollutants over Bhubaneswar during imposition of nationwide lockdown in India for the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 46 publications

References 64 publications

The global impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on urban air pollution

The global impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on urban air pollution

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the fine particulate matter concentration levels: Results from Bengaluru megacity, India

Source Apportionment of Ambient Black Carbon during the COVID-19 Lockdown

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