A Study to Reveal the Effect of Different Factors on Peak Bone Mass

Abstract

To collect data of bone mineral density of young Indian adults and to assess the effect of different factors on bone mineral density in them. METHODS: The study design in which T-score data of 304 athletes and 300 sedentary young Indian adults of age 18-30 yrs was collected. Recorded of their per capita income and three days meal pattern, to assess calcium intake, was collected. RESULTS: This study depicts that sedentary young adults fail to acquire adequate peak bone mass and become osteopenic as early as age 25, especially females while athletes achieve much higher values of bone mineral density as compared to their Caucasian counterparts. Per capita Income <1000rs./mth results in lower bone mineral density, affecting sedentary ones more than the athletes. Calcium intake <500mg/day negatively affects bone mineral density. However, levels above this value do not have any direct relationship with positive effect on bone mineral density. CONCLUSION: Indian young adults achieve much less peak bone as compared to their western counterparts. That is why the prevalence of osteoporosis is much higher amongst Indians. Though, Indian are not genetically predisposed to have low peak bone mass. Rather, it is the lack general adults awareness reflected through lack of exercise and low socio economic status (secondarily affecting the dietary calcium), which results in poor bone health among young Indian adults. These young individuals can attain peak bone mass higher than their western counterparts with regular exercise program.