A super-linear ‘radio-AGN main sequence’ links mean radio-AGN power and galaxy stellar mass since <i>z</i> ∼ 3

Delvecchio, I.; Daddi, Emanuele; Sargent, M.; Aird, James; Mullaney, James; Magnelli, B.; Elbaz, D.; Bisigello, Laura; Ceraj, Lana; Jin, S.; Kalita, Boris S.; Liu, D.; Novak, Mladen; Prandoni, I.; Radcliffe, J. F.; Spingola, Cristiana; Zamorani, G.; Allevato, V.; Rodighiero, G.; Smolčić, Vernesa

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244639

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 170 publications

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“…We estimate the bolometric luminosity of the AGN from the [O iii ] luminosity 79 , obtaining log L bol /(erg s −1 ) ≈ 45.3. Using AGN scaling relations 80 , 81 , we find that the upper limit on the radio emission is above the expected level for a typical AGN of this luminosity, whereas the X-ray upper limit is about equal to the value we would expect for a typical AGN of this luminosity. However, the scaling relations present a large scatter, which may be due to the fact that AGN activity is highly variable, and different tracers respond on different timescales 82 , 83 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Star formation shut down by multiphase gas outflow in a galaxy at a redshift of 2.45

Belli,

Park,

Davies

et al. 2024

Nature

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Large-scale outflows driven by supermassive black holes are thought to have a fundamental role in suppressing star formation in massive galaxies. However, direct observational evidence for this hypothesis is still lacking, particularly in the young universe where star-formation quenching is remarkably rapid1–3, thus requiring effective removal of gas4 as opposed to slow gas heating5,6. Although outflows of ionized gas are frequently detected in massive distant galaxies7, the amount of ejected mass is too small to be able to suppress star formation8,9. Gas ejection is expected to be more efficient in the neutral and molecular phases10, but at high redshift these have only been observed in starbursts and quasars11,12. Here we report JWST spectroscopy of a massive galaxy experiencing rapid quenching at a redshift of 2.445. We detect a weak outflow of ionized gas and a powerful outflow of neutral gas, with a mass outflow rate that is sufficient to quench the star formation. Neither X-ray nor radio activity is detected; however, the presence of a supermassive black hole is suggested by the properties of the ionized gas emission lines. We thus conclude that supermassive black holes are able to rapidly suppress star formation in massive galaxies by efficiently ejecting neutral gas.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Star formation shut down by multiphase gas outflow in a galaxy at a redshift of 2.45

Belli,

Park,

Davies

et al. 2024

Nature

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Cosmic evolution of radio-excess active galactic nuclei in quiescent and star-forming galaxies across 0 < z < 4

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

A&A

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Radio-excess active galactic nuclei (radio-AGNs) are essential to our understanding of both the physics of black hole (BH) accretion and the interaction between BHs and host galaxies. Recent deep and wide radio continuum surveys have made it possible to study radio-AGNs down to lower luminosities and up to higher redshifts than previous studies, and are providing new insights into the abundance and physical origin of radio-AGNs. Here we focus on the cosmic evolution, physical properties, and AGN-host galaxy connections of radio-AGNs selected from a total sample of sim 400,000 galaxies at $0 < z < 4$ in the GOODS-N and COSMOS fields. Combining the deep radio continuum data with multi-band, de-blended far-infrared, and submillimeter data, we were able to identify 983 radio-AGNs out of the entire galaxy sample through radio excess relative to the far-infrared--radio relation. We studied the cosmic evolution of 1.4 GHz radio luminosity functions (RLFs) for both star-forming galaxies (SFGs) and radio-AGNs, which can be well described by a pure luminosity evolution of $L_ star z +3.57 $ and a pure density evolution of $ star z +2.69 $, respectively. We derived the turnover luminosity, above which the number density of radio-AGNs surpasses that of SFGs. We show that this crossover luminosity increases with increasing redshifts, from $10^ W Hz $ at $z 0$ to W Hz $ at $z 4$. At the full redshift range of $0 < z < 4$, we further derive the probability radio $) of SFGs and quiescent galaxies (QGs) hosting a radio-AGN, as a function of stellar mass ($M_ star $), radio luminosity ($L_ R $), and redshift ($z$), which yields $p_ radio star R $ for SFGs, and $p_ radio star R $ for QGs, respectively. The quantitative relation for the probabilities of galaxies hosting a radio-AGN indicates that radio-AGNs in QGs prefer to reside in more massive galaxies with higher $L_ R $ than those in SFGs. The fraction of radio-AGN increases toward higher redshift in both SFGs and QGs, with a more rapid increase in SFGs.

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The RAdio Galaxy Environment Reference Survey (RAGERS)

Zhou,

Greve,

Gullberg

et al. 2024

A&A

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High-redshift radio(-loud) galaxies (H$z$RGs) are massive galaxies with powerful radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and serve as beacons for protocluster identification. However, the interplay between H$z$RGs and the large-scale environment remains unclear. To understand the connection between H$z$RGs and the surrounding obscured star formation, we investigated the overdensity and spatial distribution of submillimeter-bright galaxies (SMGs) in the field of 4C\,23.56, a well-known H$z$RG at $z=2.48$. We used SCUBA-2 data ($ sim \,0.6$\,mJy) to estimate the m m $ sources in the vicinity of the H$z$RG. The angular distribution of SMGs is inhomogeneous around the H$z$RG 4C\,23.56, with fewer sources oriented along the radio jet. We also find a significant overdensity of bright SMGs S m Faint and bright SMGs exhibit different spatial distributions. The former are concentrated in the core region, while the latter prefer the outskirts of the H$z$RG field. High-resolution observations show that the seven brightest SMGs in our sample are intrinsically bright, suggesting that the overdensity of bright SMGs is less likely due to the source multiplicity.

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A super-linear ‘radio-AGN main sequence’ links mean radio-AGN power and galaxy stellar mass since z ∼ 3

Cited by 9 publications

References 170 publications

Star formation shut down by multiphase gas outflow in a galaxy at a redshift of 2.45

Star formation shut down by multiphase gas outflow in a galaxy at a redshift of 2.45

Cosmic evolution of radio-excess active galactic nuclei in quiescent and star-forming galaxies across 0 < z < 4

The RAdio Galaxy Environment Reference Survey (RAGERS)

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