A supportive family environment in childhood enhances the level and heritability of sense of coherence in early adulthood

Silventoinen, Karri; Volanen, Salla‐Maarit; Vuoksimaa, Eero; Rose, Richard J.; Suominen, Sakari; Kaprio, Jaakko

doi:10.1007/s00127-014-0851-y

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…GRRs are another concept introduced by Antonovsky: they include factors like coping strategies, social support and knowledge which are deemed to reinforce and strengthen SoC in individuals. 11 Finally, recent research has suggested that a considerable amount of variation in individual SoC can be explained by genetic factors; 64 however, no suitable data for these cities are available to investigate this further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale across three UK post-industrial cities

et al. 2014

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ObjectivesHigh levels of ‘excess’ mortality (ie, that seemingly not explained by deprivation) have been shown for Scotland compared to England and Wales and, especially, for its largest city, Glasgow, compared to the similarly deprived English cities of Liverpool and Manchester. It has been suggested that this excess may be related to differences in ‘Sense of Coherence’ (SoC) between the populations. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether levels of SoC differed between these cities and whether, therefore, this could be a plausible explanation for the ‘excess’.SettingThree post-industrial UK cities: Glasgow, Liverpool and Manchester.ParticipantsA representative sample of more than 3700 adults (over 1200 in each city).Primary and secondary outcome measuresSoC was measured using Antonovsky's 13-item scale (SOC-13). Multivariate linear regression was used to compare SoC between the cities while controlling for characteristics (age, gender, SES etc) of the samples. Additional modelling explored whether differences in SoC moderated city differences in levels of self-assessed health (SAH).ResultsSoC was higher, not lower, among the Glasgow sample. Fully adjusted mean SoC scores for residents of Liverpool and Manchester were, respectively, 5.1 (−5.1 (95% CI −6.0 to −4.1)) and 8.1 (−8.1 (−9.1 to −7.2)) lower than those in Glasgow. The additional modelling confirmed the relationship between SoC and SAH: a 1 unit increase in SoC predicted approximately 3% lower likelihood of reporting bad/very bad health (OR=0.97 (95% CI 0.96 to 0.98)): given the slightly worse SAH in Glasgow, this resulted in slightly lower odds of reporting bad/very bad health for the Liverpool and Manchester samples compared to Glasgow.ConclusionsThe reasons for the high levels of ‘excess’ mortality seen in Scotland and particularly Glasgow remain unclear. However, on the basis of these analyses, it appears unlikely that a low SoC provides any explanation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale across three UK post-industrial cities

et al. 2014

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“…These include genetic association and functional analyses to identify the genes and genetic variation responsible for the familial aggregation highlighted by twin and family studies (van Dongen & Boomsma, 2012). Also much more sophisticated and multivariate approaches to twin data continue to yield new insights into the interplay of genetic and environmental influences on human health and behavior (Silventoinen, 2014).…”

Section: Age 30mentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal study of twins from birth to adulthood

Torgersen¹

2016

Nor J Epidemiol

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Temperamental variation in infancy was the starting point for this longitudinal study of twins followed from birth to adulthood. The influence of early individuality on later development was a research question in the follow-ups, and by choosing twins as a group, it was possible to uncover the effect of environmental and genetic factors at the different ages. Developmental psychopathology turned out to be a relevant framework, where mental health and well-being are seen as the result of a continuous transaction between geneticallybased individuality and a changing and varying environment (Maughan & Rutter, 2008). The twin method was an adequate tool to gain a better understanding of these processes. The overall clear message from the study is that whereas heritability of temperament can be seen from infancy on, environmental factors are of crucial importance for an understanding of mental development and health, but the effect of environmental factors probably varies a great deal in dependency upon the genetic disposition of the person.

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“…More recently published research confirmed the results of the Swedish Twin Mother's Study. Silventoinen and colleagues analyzed the effects of genetic and environmental factors on the SOC in young adulthood among 3193 Finnish twins (Silventoinen et al, 2014). The twins and their parents rated their emotional family environment independently when the twins were 12 years of age.…”

Section: Genetic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%