“…The technologies include big data [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ], high-performance computing (HPC) [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], artificial intelligence [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ], cloud, fog, and edge computing [ 39 , 40 , 41 ], social sensing [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ], and Internet of Things (IoT) [ 36 , 40 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. The applications include transportation [ 4 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ], healthcare [ 7 , 54 , 55 , 56 ], and others [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. The pulse for sensing and engaging with the environments are provided by social media and IoT.…”