“…Recently, artificial neural networks have been widely used and achieved outstanding performances in fields such as computer vision [12], edge computing [13,14,15,16,17,18], anomaly detection [19,20,21], data mining [22,23,24,25], algorithm optimization [26,27,28,29], medical diagnosis [30,31], and climate prediction [32], etc. This has attracted widespread attention from researchers in the field of weather forecasting, and they began to apply these networks to radar echo extrapolation.…”