A synaptic model of memory: long-term potentiation in the hippocampus

Bliss, T. V. P.; Collingridge, Graham L.

doi:10.1038/361031a0

Cited by 10,538 publications

(6,635 citation statements)

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“…First, subclinical reductions in CBF can result in oligemia or mild reductions in regional CBF. Oligemia can affect protein synthesis required for synaptic plasticity associated with learning and memory 35, 36. In addition, the temporal lobes appear especially vulnerable to CBF reductions possibly due to a less extensive network of collateral blood flow sources 37.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Compromise in Cardiac Strain Relates to Lower Cognitive Performances in Older Adults

Kresge

Khan

Wagener

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundGlobal longitudinal strain (GLS), reflecting total shortening of the myocardium during the cardiac cycle, has emerged as a more precise myocardial function measure than left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Longitudinal strain may be selectively affected in subclinical heart disease, even in the presence of normal LVEF. This study examines subclinical cardiac dysfunction, assessed by GLS and LVEF, and cognition among older adults.Methods and ResultsVanderbilt Memory and Aging Project participants who were free of clinical dementia, stroke, and heart failure (n=318, 73±7 years, 58% male) completed neuropsychological assessment and cardiac magnetic resonance to quantify GLS and LVEF. Linear regression models related GLS and LVEF to neuropsychological performances, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, Framingham Stroke Risk Profile, cognitive diagnosis, and APOE*ε4 status. Models were repeated with a cardiac×cognitive diagnosis interaction term. Compromised GLS (reflected by higher values) related to worse naming (β=−0.07, P=0.04), visuospatial immediate recall (β=−0.83, P=0.03), visuospatial delayed recall (β=−0.22, P=0.03), and verbal delayed recall (β=−0.11, P=0.007). LVEF did not relate to worse performance on any measure (P>0.18). No diagnostic interactions were observed.ConclusionsOur study results are among the first to suggest that compromised GLS relates to worse episodic memory and language performance among older adults who are free of clinical dementia, stroke, and heart failure. Subclinical cardiac dysfunction may correlate with cognitive health in late life, even when LVEF remains normal. The results add to growing evidence that GLS may be a more sensitive and preferred method for quantifying subclinical changes in cardiac function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Compromise in Cardiac Strain Relates to Lower Cognitive Performances in Older Adults

Kresge

Khan

Wagener

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…24 Hippocampal LTP is thought to be a form of synaptic plasticity that underlies memory and learning. [25][26][27][28] Thirdly, inhibition of hippocampal SNAP-25 leads to impaired long-term contextual fear memory, spatial memory, as well as decreased LTP. 23 The suggestive (according to the Lander and Kruglyak guidelines) 29 linkage finding of general intelligence (20p12-p11.2) 3 to the area containing SNAP-25 renders this gene a putative candidate gene for human intelligence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The SNAP-25 gene is associated with cognitive ability: evidence from a family-based study in two independent Dutch cohorts

et al. 2006

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The synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) gene plays an integral role in synaptic transmission, and is differentially expressed in the mammalian brain in the neocortex, hippocampus, anterior thalamic nuclei, substantia nigra and cerebellar granular cells. Recent studies have suggested a possible involvement of SNAP-25 in learning and memory, both of which are key components of human intelligence. In addition, the SNAP-25 gene lies in a linkage area implicated previously in human intelligence. In two independent family-based Dutch samples of 391 (mean age 12.4 years) and 276 (mean age 37.3 years) subjects, respectively, we genotyped 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the SNAP-25 gene on 20p12-20p11.2. From all individuals, standardized intelligence measures were available. Using a family-based association test, a strong association was found between three SNPs in the SNAP-25 gene and intelligence, two of which showed association in both independent samples. The strongest, replicated association was found between SNP rs363050 and performance IQ (PIQ), where the A allele was associated with an increase of 2.84 PIQ points (P = 0.0002). Variance in this SNP accounts for 3.4 % of the phenotypic variance in PIQ.

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“…It is well established that NMDARs are important triggers for the induction of both long-term potentiation (LTP) [1][2][3] and long-term depression (LTD) [4][5][6][7] . These two forms of synaptic plasticity involve alterations in the excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) that is mediated via the activation -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors (AMPARs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscarinic receptors induce LTD of NMDAR EPSCs via a mechanism involving hippocalcin, AP2 and PSD-95

et al. 2010

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A synaptic model of memory: long-term potentiation in the hippocampus

Cited by 10,538 publications

References 167 publications

Subclinical Compromise in Cardiac Strain Relates to Lower Cognitive Performances in Older Adults

Subclinical Compromise in Cardiac Strain Relates to Lower Cognitive Performances in Older Adults

The SNAP-25 gene is associated with cognitive ability: evidence from a family-based study in two independent Dutch cohorts

Muscarinic receptors induce LTD of NMDAR EPSCs via a mechanism involving hippocalcin, AP2 and PSD-95

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