A Systematic Heat Recovery Approach for Designing Integrated Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation Systems for Greenhouses

Abstract

Ventilation heat loss is one of the most important factors contributing to energy performance of greenhouses. This paper suggests a systematic method based on dynamic pinch analysis (PA) to design an integrated heating, cooling, and ventilation system that uses ventilation waste heat in a cost-effective and energy efficient way. A heat recovery system including an air handling unit, borehole thermal storage, and a heat pump is proposed to investigate all heat integration scenarios for an entire year. In the first step, the heat integration scenarios are reduced to a few typical days using a clustering technique. Then, a generic methodology for designing a heat exchanger network (HEN) for a dynamic system, ensuring both direct and indirect heat recovery, is presented and a set of HENs are designed according to the conditions of typical days. Afterwards, the best HEN design is selected among all design alternatives using a techno-economic analysis. The whole procedure is applied to a commercial greenhouse and the best HEN configuration and required equipment sizes are calculated. It is shown that the best-performing design for the greenhouse under study produces primary energy savings of 57%, resulting in the shortest payback period of 9.5 years among all design alternatives.

Sizing and Optimization of Solar Water Heater Systems for Different Demands

“…The power management of hybrid energy for optimal sizing and management of power using photovoltaic cells and wind turbine generators [48]. These designs are arranged in hybrid order where every different purpose machine is implemented together to build a single machine used for one purpose only [49]. Wastewater treatment is being used by hydrogen, storage batteries, system reliability, and providing enough money and policies to meet the requirements to treat wastewater and transform it into dynamic heat energy and the energy can be demanding as well [50].…”

Parametric Analysis of a Radiant Gas Heating System for Controlled-Environment Agriculture with Preheated Ventilation

“…Moreover, the operation of the radiators is controllable, the heating system occupies minimal useful space within the premises, and it does not require distant heat sources (such as a boiler room or a power plant). Thermal losses are minimal since the air temperature in the greenhouse is lower than in traditional heating methods [6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

“…The effectiveness of using gas infrared radiators can be explained, at least in part, by the fact that compared to electrical energy typically derived from thermal (or diesel generator) sources, the use of gaseous fuel for the conditions of any country is economically feasible. Gasification pipelines to the heating facility are not always deemed necessary, as autonomous gasification of cultivation structures can often be achieved using liquefied natural gas [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”