A systematic methodology for epicardial and epiaortic echocardiography in swine research models

Galbas, Michelle C.; Meissner, Florian; Asmussen, Alexander; Straky, Hendrik C.; Schimmel, Marius; Reuter, Johanna; Grundmann, Sebastian; Czerny, Martin; Bothe, Wolfgang

doi:10.1002/hsr2.1777

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…If the latter is not an option, echocardiography and angiography can help us to evaluate the anatomical structures of potential models preliminarily. Unfortunately, there are currently no pig breeds that have Thus, taking into account the individual variability in the aortic root structure among pigs, it is difficult to overstate the importance of preoperative echocardiography in experimental cardiac surgery [28][29][30]. When measuring the parameters of the aortic root, echocardiography is the most convenient, quickly feasible method as it is much less invasive compared to angiography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, taking into account the individual variability in the aortic root structure among pigs, it is difficult to overstate the importance of preoperative echocardiography in experimental cardiac surgery [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. When measuring the parameters of the aortic root, echocardiography is the most convenient, quickly feasible method as it is much less invasive compared to angiography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pigs as Models to Test Cardiovascular Devices

Rusakova,

Grankin,

Podolskaya

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Pigs as laboratory animals are used in preclinical studies aimed at developing medical devices for cardiac surgery. The anatomy of the cardiovascular system of these animals has been well studied and acknowledged as suitable for use and the testing of new cardiovascular devices developed for humans. However, there are no morphometric characteristics of the aortic root and thoraco-abdominal part of porcine aorta. This can lead to difficulties in experimental surgery and even result in the death of experimental animals due to the mismatch in the size of the implantable devices. Thus, such information is essential to enhance the efficiency of surgical technologies used for eliminating aortic pathologies in their various sections. The purpose of our research is to study the anatomy of the aorta in mini pigs and to assess whether the size, age, and sex of the animals affect the size of the main structures in their aortas. In addition, we attempted to compare the results obtained by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and angiography. We studied 28 laboratory mini pigs, dividing them into three groups by body weight (40–70 kg, 71–90 kg, and 90 kg). We did not find any relationship between the external somatometric characteristics of the animals and the size of their aortas. Animals have individual anatomical variability in their cardiovascular systems, which means that they need to be examined in terms of preoperative planning by any available method—echocardiography, angiography, or multispiral computed tomography (CT).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pigs as Models to Test Cardiovascular Devices

Rusakova,

Grankin,

Podolskaya

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The manual for other pig breeds also noted that there is no relationship between the weight of animals and the diameter of their aorta (Figure 10). Thus, given the individual variability of the structure in the aortic root in pigs, it is difficult to overestimate the role of preoperative echocardiography in experimental cardiac surgery [28][29][30] We performed a morphometric analysis of the aorta in laboratory mini pigs. The results obtained have demonstrated an individual variability in the geometry of the aortic root, irrelevant to the somatometric characteristics of animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pig as a Model to Test Cardiovascular Devices

Rusakova,

Grankin,

Podolskaya

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Pigs are used as laboratory animals in preclinical studies on medical devices for cardiac surgery. On the one hand, the anatomy of the cardiovascular system of these animals has been well studied and acknowledged suitable for use and testing of new cardiovascular devices developed for humans. On the other hand, there are no morphometric characteristics of the aortic root and other parts of it in pigs with different weights. This can lead to difficulties in the work of researchers and even result in the death of experimental animals due to the discrepancy in the size of the implantable devices. Thus, such information is essential to improve the efficiency of surgical technologies used in the correction of aortic pathologies in its various sections. The purpose of our research is to study the anatomy of the aorta in mini-pigs, and to assess whether the size, age, and sex of animals affect the size of the main structures in their aorta. In addition, we attempted to compare the results obtained by the method of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and angiography. We studied 28 laboratory mini-pigs weighing from 40 to 105 kg, and then we compared our results with other studies and did not find any relationship between the external somatometric characteristics of animals and the size of their aorta. Each animal has an individual anatomy, so they are to be examined in terms of preoperative planning by any available method - echocardiography, angiography or multispiral computed tomography (MRI).

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In Vivo Testing of a Second-Generation Prototype Accessory for Single Transapical Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation

Meissner,

Galbas,

Straky

et al. 2024

Bioengineering

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A new accessory was developed to allow implantation of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) without requiring an anastomosis to the ascending aorta. The accessory combines the LVAD inflow and outflow into a dual-lumen device. Initial prototypes encountered reduced pump performance in vitro, but a second-generation prototype successfully addressed this issue. This feasibility study aimed to demonstrate the anatomic fit, safe implantation, and hemodynamic effectiveness of the LVAD with the accessory. The accessory was implanted in ten female pigs (104 ± 13 kg). Following sternotomy and apical coring under cardiopulmonary bypass, a balloon catheter was retrogradely inserted and exteriorized through the coring site, where it was inflated within the distal third of the outflow graft. It was utilized to pull the accessory’s outflow across the aortic valve. After LVAD attachment, the catheter was removed. Echocardiography revealed no relevant valve regurgitation post-implantation. During ramp testing, pump flow increased from 3.7 ± 1.2 to 5.4 ± 1.2 L/min. Necropsy confirmed correct accessory placement in nine animals. No valve lesions or device thrombosis were observed. The accessory enabled LVAD implantation without compromising pump performance. Future work includes design refinements for implantation without cardiopulmonary bypass and long-term testing in a chronic heart failure model.

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A systematic methodology for epicardial and epiaortic echocardiography in swine research models

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Pigs as Models to Test Cardiovascular Devices

Pigs as Models to Test Cardiovascular Devices

A Pig as a Model to Test Cardiovascular Devices

In Vivo Testing of a Second-Generation Prototype Accessory for Single Transapical Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation

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