A systematic review and life cycle assessment of biomass pellets and briquettes production in Latin America

Silva, Diogo Aparecido Lopes; Filleti, Remo Augusto Padovezi; Musule, Ricardo; Matheus, Thiago Teixeira; Freire, Fausto

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.112042

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…A product's Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) represents the direct and indirect energy used throughout the life cycle, including the energy consumed during the extraction, manufacturing, and disposal of the raw and auxiliary materials [42]. Both the impact categories, i.e., GWP and CED are commonly studied by LCA practitioners with special reference to the Energy sector [28,43]. A complementary analysis of results was performed considering the uncertainty analysis of the LCA for these categories, as the lifecycle uncertainties may have a relevant influence on the LCA interpretation process [18,44].…”

Section: Life Cycle Impact Assessment and Lca Interpretation Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scenario 1: briquettes made of wood from a dedicated forest energy supply. Brazil is a world reference for tree plantation productivity, with high annual production volumes of wood per area and short plantation cycles [28]. Brazilian planted forests occupy an area of 9.55 million hectares, with 78% being Eucalyptus species [29], used in the production of pulp and paper, wood-based panels, and for energy purposes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Application of Circular Footprint Formula in Bioenergy/Bioeconomy: Challenges, Case Study, and Comparison with Life Cycle Assessment Allocation Methods

et al. 2023

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Allocation methodological choices in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a relevant issue for the Circular Bioeconomy context. The recent Product Environmental Footprint Guide from the European Commission includes the Circular Footprint Formula (CFF) as a new way to deal with energy recovery/recycling processes. This paper investigated CFF vs. other different LCA allocation methods in Brazilian briquette production. A cradle-to-gate LCA study was conducted considering 1 MJ of energy from recovered and dedicated Eucalyptus briquette production. Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) were selected as the impact categories to evaluate the allocation methods choice that influences the potential impacts. LCA results were compared regarding four allocation methods. Eucalyptus wood as a biomass supply scenario achieved impact results up to 4.3 kg CO2-eq. for GWP and 0.0272 MJ-eq. for CED. The recovery wood scenario presented LCA burdens reduction by up to 206% for GWP, however a 492% increase in the CED results. CFF provided the lowest results for both impact categories. However, the CFF method still doesn’t address particular aspects of circular bioenergy systems. Biomass and bioenergy LCA require further adjustments focusing on biochemical flows in the CFF calculation procedure to lead the development of innovative circular business models.

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Section: Life Cycle Impact Assessment and Lca Interpretation Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The Application of Circular Footprint Formula in Bioenergy/Bioeconomy: Challenges, Case Study, and Comparison with Life Cycle Assessment Allocation Methods

et al. 2023

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“…Although GBFS is considered an industrial by-product, it has a high reactivity to boost hydration [ 8 ]. The BRS is the residual slag of a civil briquette that is burned at 800–1400 °C, and the civil briquette encourages the development of cleaner energy as an alternative to original coal [ 38 , 39 ]. In chemical components, BRS has the same potential reactivity as CS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Cementation Mechanism of Geopolymer Backfill Paste Incorporating Diverse Industrial Solid Wastes

Wang¹,

Zhao

Wang³

et al. 2023

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Industrialization has resulted in a large number of industrial waste slags being produced, which severely pollute the environment. This urgently needs resourceful treatment. The objective of this paper is to investigate the preparation, performance, and cementation mechanism of a novel geopolymer backfill paste for goaf. We reused diverse industrial waste slags based on low-calcium silica–alumina precursors (two fly ashes FAI, FAII, and red mud RM), high-calcium-based slags (carbide slag CS, soda residue SR, briquette residue slag BRS, and granulated blast furnace slag GBFS), and two additives (gypsum powder GP and lime powder LP). The hardening of backfill pastes was investigated by analyzing the effects of FAI, GBFS, RM, and LP on physical and chemical performance. The cementation mechanism of the prepared backfill paste was revealed through morphology, mineralogy, and chemical products through the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that the prepared backfill paste incorporating various solid wastes (FAI, FAII, RM, CS, SR, GBFS, RBS, etc.) yields a 28-d compressive strength of 2.1 MPa (higher than the required value of 0.6 MPa) and a fluidity of 201 mm. Geopolymer gels (N,C)-A-S-H, calcium silicate hydrated C-S-H, and calcium aluminosilicate hydrated C-A-S-H gels serve as chemical cementers, whereas unreacted particles serve as physical filler skeletons. These findings provide an experimental and theoretical basis for the interchangeable use of various identical component solid wastes in backfill engineering materials.

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“…However, the limitation associated with its low bulk density generates problems in transportation, storage, and energy content in comparison to fossil fuels. Thus, with the aim of minimizing the low bulk density of the biomasses and consequently obtaining a high energy content per unit volume, a mechanical densification process is realized [29]. The authors produced probable solid fuels of babassu cake (Figure 7) and the blends of babassu cake and cashew nutshell (25, 50, and 75%); babassu cake and sugarcane bagasse (25, 50, and 75%); babassu cake and carnauba straw (50%); babassu cake and carnauba stalk (50%); and babassu cake and carnauba straw and carnauba stalk (40% + 30% + 30%), see Figure 8a-c.…”

Section: Solid Fuels Of Babassu Cake and Babassu Cake Combined With O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Babassu Cake Generated in the Extraction of the Oil as Feedstock for Biofuel Production

et al. 2023

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The growing demand for energy and the concern about environmental impacts reinforce the necessity for renewable energy sources such as biofuels. In this study, cake generated in the babassu oil extraction was evaluated as a potential feedstock for solid biofuel production, and it contains a blend of cashew nutshell, sugarcane bagasse, carnauba straw, and carnauba stalk. All samples were characterized by proximate analysis and Higher Heating Value. Carbonization was used to improve energy performance and compaction to understand the mechanism and the characteristics of the biomasses compacted. In the extraction of babassu oil, fresh and aged (90 days) kernel samples were used. The fresh samples reached a yield of 59.8%, and the aged samples reached a yield of 70.66%. The carbonization of babassu cake was carried out in a Muffle furnace at temperatures of 250, 300, 350, and 400 °C. The fresh babassu cake showed an HHV of 23.06 MJ kg−1 and after carbonization of 28.07 (250 °C), 30.69 (300 °C), 28.24 (350 °C), and 18.27 MJ kg−1 (400 °C). At 400 °C, a decrease in HHV of 20.8% occurred, and an increase in Ash (%) of 195% occurred. Proximate analysis showed that biomasses are compatible, with some having a higher compatibility than other biological materials already used as fuels in the industry.

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A systematic review and life cycle assessment of biomass pellets and briquettes production in Latin America

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

The Application of Circular Footprint Formula in Bioenergy/Bioeconomy: Challenges, Case Study, and Comparison with Life Cycle Assessment Allocation Methods

The Application of Circular Footprint Formula in Bioenergy/Bioeconomy: Challenges, Case Study, and Comparison with Life Cycle Assessment Allocation Methods

Properties and Cementation Mechanism of Geopolymer Backfill Paste Incorporating Diverse Industrial Solid Wastes

Evaluation of Babassu Cake Generated in the Extraction of the Oil as Feedstock for Biofuel Production

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