A Systematic Review for Enabling of Develop a Blockchain Technology in Healthcare Application: Taxonomy, Substantially Analysis, Motivations, Challenges, Recommendations and Future Direction

Hussien, Hassan Mansur; Yasin, Sharifah Md; Udzir, S N I; Zaidan, A. A.; Zaidan, B. B.

doi:10.1007/s10916-019-1445-8

Cited by 191 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…An initiative to design a framework is appreciable however, steps are necessary now to start adopting similar frameworks in real-experimentation and test the applicability of each of the sub-system and their integrations. Hussien et al [32] conducted a detailed, comprehensive and substantial analysis of research articles in blockchain technology searched from three databases IEEE, Web of Science and ScienceDirect using keywords like 'blockchain', 'healthcare' and electronic 'health records'. Relative variations of these keywords are also taken into search results.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Smart Healthcare Design, Simulation, and Implementation Using Healthcare 4.0 Processes

et al. 2020

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Blockchain technology is found to have its applicability in almost every domain because of its advantages such as crypto-security, transparency, immutability, decentralized data network. In present times, a smart healthcare system with a blockchain data network and healthcare 4.0 processes provides transparency, easy and faster accessibility, security, efficiency, etc. Healthcare 4.0 trends include industry 4.0 processes such as the internet of things (IoT), industrial IoT (IIoT), cognitive computing, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, fog computing, edge computing, etc. The goal of this work is to design a smart healthcare system and it is found to be possible through integration and interoperability of Blockchain 3.0 and Healthcare 4.0 in consideration with healthcare ground-realities. Here, healthcare 4.0 processes used for data accessibility are targeted to be validated through statistical simulation-optimization methods and algorithms. The blockchain is implemented in the Ethereum network, and with associated programming languages, tools, and techniques such as solidity, web3.js, Athena, etc. Further, this work prepares a comparative and comprehensive survey of state-of-the-art blockchain-based smart healthcare systems. The comprehensive survey includes methodology, applications, requirements, outcomes, future directions, etc. A list of groups, organizations, and enterprises are prepared that are working in electronic health records (EHR), electronic medical records (EMR) or electronic personal records (EPR) mainly, and a comparative analysis is drawn concerning adopting the blockchain technology in their processes. This work has explored optimization algorithms applicable to Healthcare 4.0 trends and improves the performance of blockchain-based decentralized applications for the smart healthcare system. Further, smart contracts and their designs are prepared for the proposed system to expedite the trust-building and payment systems. This work has considered simulation and implementation to validate the proposed approach. Simulation results show that the Gas value required (indicating block size and expenditure) lies within current Etherum network Gas limits. The proposed system is active because block utilization lies above 80%. Automated smart contract execution is below 20 seconds. A good number (average 3 per simulation time) is generated in the network that indicates a health competition. Although there is error observed in simulation and implementation that lies between 0.55% and 4.24%, these errors are not affecting overall system performance because simulated and actual (taken in state-of-the-art) data variations are negligible.

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Smart Healthcare Design, Simulation, and Implementation Using Healthcare 4.0 Processes

et al. 2020

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“…It is evident that most researchers have specifically focused on a given data integrity technique or methodology of healthcare in their reviews. The references that this study based its research work on are cited below: [44]. The study also describes the roadmap to enable the healthcare industry for blockchain technology and prepare taxonomy.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Issues in Healthcare Data Integrity: Analysis and Recommendations

et al. 2020

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Managing data integrity is a challenging task for any expert or a researcher. This study attempts to collate a Systematic Literature Review of the research efforts done in the domain of healthcare data integrity. The paper highlights the criticalness of data integrity issues in healthcare through attack statistics in the first section. The second section of the paper systematically reviews the previous studies discussing the healthcare related Systematic literature reviews and data integrity techniques in healthcare sector. The third section of this study examines the collated literature through various analysis methodologies and discusses about the most prioritized technique as well as its challenges in healthcare data security. The fourth section illustrates about the various challenges and future directions to take while constructing a roadmap for the future research endeavors in healthcare data integrity management techniques. The concluding segment of the paper presents an objective assessment and sensitivity analysis for finding the implications and difficulties in the studies while outlining feasible solutions. Furthermore, this research endeavour also conducts a Scientometric analysis of all the studies for better understanding of the literature reviewed. Ranking or the Priority analysis part of the paper is totally dedicated to the previously used techniques in healthcare. The paper also discusses about data integrity techniques and postulates that the most prioritized data integrity technique is the blockchain.

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“…Blockchain has been suggested as a possible answer to the challenges of anonymous data sharing. Indeed, in the world of Health IT, as one encounters it in practice in health systems, blockchain is being viewed with interest [94,95]. Researchers have begun some exploratory work, but blockchain has not yet had wide adoption in the field.…”

Section: Privacy: Deidentification Distributed Computation Blockchainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Clinical Research Informatics

Solomonides

2020

Yearb Med Inform

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Objectives: Clinical Research Informatics (CRI) declares its scope in its name, but its content, both in terms of the clinical research it supports—and sometimes initiates—and the methods it has developed over time, reach much further than the name suggests. The goal of this review is to celebrate the extraordinary diversity of activity and of results, not as a prize-giving pageant, but in recognition of the field, the community that both serves and is sustained by it, and of its interdisciplinarity and its international dimension. Methods: Beyond personal awareness of a range of work commensurate with the author’s own research, it is clear that, even with a thorough literature search, a comprehensive review is impossible. Moreover, the field has grown and subdivided to an extent that makes it very hard for one individual to be familiar with every branch or with more than a few branches in any depth. A literature survey was conducted that focused on informatics-related terms in the general biomedical and healthcare literature, and specific concerns (“artificial intelligence”, “data models”, “analytics”, etc.) in the biomedical informatics (BMI) literature. In addition to a selection from the results from these searches, suggestive references within them were also considered. Results: The substantive sections of the paper—Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and “Big Data” Analytics; Common Data Models, Data Quality, and Standards; Phenotyping and Cohort Discovery; Privacy: Deidentification, Distributed Computation, Blockchain; Causal Inference and Real-World Evidence—provide broad coverage of these active research areas, with, no doubt, a bias towards this reviewer’s interests and preferences, landing on a number of papers that stood out in one way or another, or, alternatively, exemplified a particular line of work. Conclusions: CRI is thriving, not only in the familiar major centers of research, but more widely, throughout the world. This is not to pretend that the distribution is uniform, but to highlight the potential for this domain to play a prominent role in supporting progress in medicine, healthcare, and wellbeing everywhere. We conclude with the observation that CRI and its practitioners would make apt stewards of the new medical knowledge that their methods will bring forward.

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A Systematic Review for Enabling of Develop a Blockchain Technology in Healthcare Application: Taxonomy, Substantially Analysis, Motivations, Challenges, Recommendations and Future Direction

Cited by 191 publications

References 99 publications

A Novel Smart Healthcare Design, Simulation, and Implementation Using Healthcare 4.0 Processes

A Novel Smart Healthcare Design, Simulation, and Implementation Using Healthcare 4.0 Processes

Key Issues in Healthcare Data Integrity: Analysis and Recommendations

Review of Clinical Research Informatics

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