A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective

Sohm, Cynthia; Steiner, Janina; Jöbstl, Julia; Wittek, Thomas; Firth, Clair L.; Steinparzer, Romana; Desvars-Larrive, Amélie

doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100608

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Most reported clinical signs of bovine leptospirosis in Europe, as identified in a literature review were: abortion, fertility disorders, photosensitisation, decrease in milk production, haematuria, and icterus 23 . The targeted sampling focused therefore on animals presenting with at least one of these clinical signs in the last month (as reported by the veterinarian or the animal owner).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most common risk factors positively associated with leptospirosis in European cattle farms were: access to pasture, external purchase of animals, history of abortion, and herd size 23 . The retrospective analysis of national data showed that 441/8431 animals serologically tested positive for leptospirosis between 2015 and 2021 (5.2%; 95% CI 4.8–5.7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the average herd size in Austria is 34 head of cattle 30 , we considered farms with > 34 animals to be larger than average. Moreover, since both the literature review 23 and statistical analysis indicated that older animals (i.e. that have already calved) had higher odds of being infected than younger ones (p < 0.001, Supplementary Material 1 ), we prioritised sampling of older cattle.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both dairy and beef cattle were considered in the study. Inclusion criteria for animals and farms were established based on (i) a literature review that identified the most frequently reported clinical signs and risk factors of bovine leptospirosis in Europe 23 and (ii) a retrospective analysis of national bovine leptospirosis serological data (data source: Laboratory Information and Management System database, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety). This statistical analysis incorporated serological data from 8431 cattle from 3030 farms in Austria, which were tested for leptospirosis in 2015–2021.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First isolation and genotyping of pathogenic Leptospira spp. from Austria

Sohm,

Willixhofer,

Fasching

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Leptospirosis is a globally distributed zoonotic disease. The standard serological test, known as Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT), requires the use of live Leptospira strains. To enhance its sensitivity and specificity, the usage of locally circulating strains is recommended. However, to date, no local strain is available from Austria. This study aimed to isolate circulating Leptospira strains from cattle in Austria to enhance the performances of the routine serological test for both humans and animals. We used a statistical approach combined with a comprehensive literature search to profile cattle with greater risk of leptospirosis infection and implemented a targeted sampling between November 2021 and October 2022. Urine and/or kidney tissue were sampled from 410 cattle considered at higher risk of infection. Samples were inoculated into EMJH-STAFF culture media within 2–6 h and a real-time PCR targeting the lipL32 gene was used to confirm the presence/absence of pathogenic Leptospira in each sample. Isolates were further characterised by core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). Nine out of 429 samples tested positive by PCR, from which three isolates were successfully cultured and identified as Leptospira borgpetersenii serogroup Sejroe serovar Hardjobovis, cgMLST cluster 40. This is the first report on the isolation and genotyping of local zoonotic Leptospira in Austria, which holds the potential for a significant improvement in diagnostic performance in the country. Although the local strain was identified as a cattle-adapted serovar, it possesses significant zoonotic implications. Furthermore, this study contributes to a better understanding of the epidemiology of leptospirosis in Europe.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First isolation and genotyping of pathogenic Leptospira spp. from Austria

Sohm,

Willixhofer,

Fasching

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…In cattle, infection can occur directly through contaminated urine, post-abortion secretions, infected placenta, or sexual contact. However, indirect transmission plays a significant role in infection dissemination 7 , 8 . Bovine leptospirosis is characterized mostly by reproductive losses such as abortions and stillbirths, as well as poor weight growth, mastitis, and reduction in milk yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for bovine leptospirosis in Egypt

Selim,

Marzok,

Gattan

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in cattle in some governorates of Egypt's Nile Delta and assess the risk factors for infection. A total of 410 serum samples were collected from cattle and examined using microscopic agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 10.2% and the most prevalent serovars were Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Canicola. In addition, the potential risk factors were associated Leptospira spp. infection were age, herd size, history of abortion, presence of dogs and rodent control. Thus, leptospirosis is common in dairy cattle in the Nile Delta and the presence of rodents in feed and dog-accessible pastures increases the risk of Leptospira spp. infection among animals.

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Actualités sur la leptospirose

Philippon

2024

Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine

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A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective

Cited by 9 publications

References 76 publications

First isolation and genotyping of pathogenic Leptospira spp. from Austria

First isolation and genotyping of pathogenic Leptospira spp. from Austria

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for bovine leptospirosis in Egypt

Actualités sur la leptospirose

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