A Systematic Risk Assessment and Meta-Analysis on the Use of Oral β-Alanine Supplementation

Dolan, Eimear; Swinton, Paul; Painelli, Vítor de Salles; Hemingway, Benedict Stephens; Mazzolani, Bruna Caruso; Smaira, Fabiana Infante; Saunders, Bryan; Artioli, Guilherme Giannini; Gualano, Bruno

doi:10.1093/advances/nmy115

Cited by 43 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The search strategy was based on a three-step screening (title/abstract screening, full-text screen and full text appraisal), independently undertaken by two reviewers. This search was originally conducted to inform a systematic risk assessment on the use of BA supplementation [16]. This risk assessment included all BA supplementation studies (including both human and animal models).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One hundred and one human studies were included in that investigation, and were subsequently screened to identify those that included a MCarn measurement. The search strategy, including databases and keywords used has been described in detail elsewhere [16] and the protocol for that review was prospectively registered ((PROSPERO registration no. CRD42017071843).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three-level mixed effects models were used to quantify the effects of supplementation dose. Insufficient data were available to allow investigation of the interaction between daily dose and intervention duration and so the total cumulative dose ingested was selected as the primary outcome, which previous research has identified as being more influential than either daily dose or intervention duration [16,19,20]. Subset analyses using study covariates were used to assess the effects of sex, age or measurement method on the main effect of BA supplementation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Skeletal Muscle has Large Capacity to Increase Carnosine Content in Response to Beta-Alanine Supplementation. A Systematic Review with Bayesian Individual and Aggregate Data E-Max Model and Meta-Analysis

Rezende

Swinton

Oliveira

et al. 2019

Preprint

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34Beta-alanine (BA) supplementation increases muscle carnosine content (MCarn), and is ergogenic in many situations. Currently, many questions on the 35 nature of the Mcarn response to supplementation are open, and the response to these has considerable potential to enhance the efficacy and applications 36 of this supplementation strategy. Objective: To conduct a Bayesian analysis of available data on the Mcarn response to BA supplementation. Methods: A 37 systematic review with meta-analysis of individual and published aggregate data using a dose response (Emax) model was conducted. The protocol was 38 designed according to PRISMA guidelines. A three-step screening strategy was undertaken to identify studies that measured the Mcarn response to BA 39 supplementation. In addition, individual data from 5 separate studies conducted in the authors' laboratory were analysed. Data were extracted from all 40 controlled and uncontrolled supplementation studies conducted on healthy humans. Meta-regression was used to consider the influence of potential 41 moderators (including dose, sex, age, baseline Mcarn and analysis method used) on the primary outcome. Results and Conclusion: The Emax model 42 indicated that human skeletal muscle has large capacity for non-linear Mcarn accumulation, and that commonly used BA supplementation protocols may 43 not come close to saturating muscle carnosine content. Neither baseline values, nor sex, appear to influence subsequent response to supplementation. 44 Analysis of individual data indicated that Mcarn is relatively stable in the absence of intervention, and effectually all participants respond to BA 45 supplementation (99.3% response [95%CrI: 96.2 -100]).46 47

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Skeletal Muscle has Large Capacity to Increase Carnosine Content in Response to Beta-Alanine Supplementation. A Systematic Review with Bayesian Individual and Aggregate Data E-Max Model and Meta-Analysis

Rezende

Swinton

Oliveira

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…This is the case in drugs known to have a narrow therapeutic window and/or cause toxicity and/or where there is a clinical risk of underdosing (for example, anaesthetics or chemotherapy). β-alanine supplementation does not lead to any known damage [14]. Nevertheless, the remark has to be made that few variables have been taken into account and no research on effects exceeding 24 weeks has been undertaken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragmented Dosing of β-alanine Induces A Body Weight-Independent Pharmacokinetic Response

Stautemas¹,

Loock²,

Stede³

et al. 2019

Nutrients

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Personalised dosing of performance-enhancing food supplements is a hot topic. β-alanine is currently dosed using a fixed dose; however, evidence suggests that this might favour light compared to heavy subjects. A weight-relative dose seems to reverse this problem. In the present study, a novel dosing strategy was tested. A fragmented dose, composed of a fixed fragment of 800 mg and a weight-relative fragment of 10 mg/kg body weight, was compared to a fixed dose of 1600 mg and a weight-relative dose of 20 mg/kg body weight in a cohort of 20 subjects with a body weight ranging 48–139 kg (79.9 ± 24.4 kg). The results show that, following a fragmented dose, the influence of body weight on the pharmacokinetic response (iAUC) over a 210 min period was absent (r = −0.168; p = 0.478), in contrast to the fixed or weight-relative dose. The pharmacokinetic response also seemed more homogenous (CV% = 26%) following a fragmented dose compared to the fixed (33%) and the weight-relative dose (31%). The primary advantage of the easy-to-calculate fragmented dosing strategy is that it does not systematically favour or impair a certain weight group. Thorough dosage studies are lacking in the current field of sports and food supplements, therefore similar considerations can be made towards other (ergogenic) food supplements.

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“…Experimentos evidenciaram que, após a suplementação de β-alanina, houve um aumento nas concentrações plasmáticas de taurina, fornecendo indícios de que o TauT é o principal transportador de β-alanina, e que a taurina e a βalanina competem por esse transportador (Jessen, 1994). Embora isso ocorra, metaanálise realizada recentemente pelo nosso grupo de pesquisa confirmou que a suplementação de β-alanina não afeta conteúdo de taurina muscular, além de outros parâmetros de saúde (hepáticos e renais), demonstrando que é seguro o uso de sua suplementação (Dolan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Transportadores Envolvidos No Metabolismo Da β-Alanina E Carunclassified

Ação da insulina na captação de beta-alanina pelo músculo esquelético: efeito sobre o conteúdo de beta-alanina muscular e mecanismos envolvidos

Gonçalves¹

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Esses 5 anos de USP foram os mais intensos, loucos, estressantes e maravilhosos da minha vida. Sempre tive o sonho (nerd) de pertencer a essa universidade, e hoje não me resta dúvida do quanto eu acertei em acreditar que eu deveria estar aqui. Conheci e me aproximei de pessoas que passaram de colegas de laboratório a pessoas indispensáveis na minha vida, como meus dois grandes amigos Alan e Lucas, que são totalmente responsáveis pela manutenção da minha sanidade mental, pelas melhores histórias, pelas dezenas de noites sem dormir fazendo experimentos, e claro, pelo aumento do meu consumo de álcool nesses anos. Vocês são foda, meus Nature! Agradeço ao meu orientador, Guilherme Artioli, por absolutamente tudo. Agradeço pelos ensinamentos, pelas discussões (que foram muitas!), e principalmente pela parceria que criamos durante esses anos. É imensurável o quanto você contribuiu para a minha evolução como pesquisadora. Obrigada por depositar extrema confiança em mim, e por muitas vezes acreditar mais em mim do que eu mesma. Obrigada por me apresentar e me dar a oportunidade de trabalhar incansavelmente no projeto que é e sempre será o mais excepcional da minha carreira (meus filhotes KO), que não só me amadureceu como profissional, como me fez descobrir a minha linha de pesquisa. Estendo meus agradecimentos aos professores Hamilton Roschel e Bruno Gualano, que também têm muita influência na minha evolução durante esses anos. Agradeço ao Professor Bruno Geloneze por ter aceitado prontamente o convite de parceria no meu projeto de doutorado, aos médicos José Carlos, Marcelo e Riani pela ajuda em todo o protocolo, e à Carol Kratz pela participação full time em todas minhas coletas. Ainda, agradeço aos outros amigos de laboratório pelos mais diversos motivos: Aninha, Saulo, Queque, Ana Jéssica, Tama, Nema, Vitão (Neném), e aos demais colegas do grupo. Agradeço à Capes pela concessão da minha bolsa de estudos durante esses 4 anos, e à FAPESP, pelo financiamento da minha pesquisa. E por último, à minha família, em especial aos meus pais Sergio e Célia, ao meu irmão Marcelo, e ao Elias, que sempre foram e serão meus maiores apoiadores e incentivadores, e sempre serão as pessoas com quem eu compartilharei e brindarei minhas conquistas. Muito obrigada a todos. LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS, SÍMBOLOS E SIGLAS mmol. kg-1-milimol por quilo de peso corporal µmol. l-1micromol por litro K m-constante de Michaelis-Menten V maxvelocidade máxima g. dia-1gramas por dia mgmiligrama g-grama DPdesvio padrão µM-microlomar mM-milimolar mM-1. s-1milimolar por segundo pHpotencial hidrogeniônico h-hora min-minuto mg. kg-1-miligrama por quilo de peso corporal mU•l-1 miliunidade por litro mg. kg-1. min-1-miligrama por quilo de peso corporal por minuto ml-mililitro μl-microlitro M-molar Na +-íon sódio Cl-íon cloreto K +-íon potássio Ca 2+-íon cálcio Mg 2+-íon magnésio CO 2dióxido de carbono pKa-constante de dissociação POF-Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares IBGE-Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística ATP-adenosina trifosfato ADP-adenosina difosfat...

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A Systematic Risk Assessment and Meta-Analysis on the Use of Oral β-Alanine Supplementation

Cited by 43 publications

References 69 publications

Human Skeletal Muscle has Large Capacity to Increase Carnosine Content in Response to Beta-Alanine Supplementation. A Systematic Review with Bayesian Individual and Aggregate Data E-Max Model and Meta-Analysis

Human Skeletal Muscle has Large Capacity to Increase Carnosine Content in Response to Beta-Alanine Supplementation. A Systematic Review with Bayesian Individual and Aggregate Data E-Max Model and Meta-Analysis

Fragmented Dosing of β-alanine Induces A Body Weight-Independent Pharmacokinetic Response

Ação da insulina na captação de beta-alanina pelo músculo esquelético: efeito sobre o conteúdo de beta-alanina muscular e mecanismos envolvidos

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