A Systematic Survey of Expression and Function of Zebrafish frizzled Genes

Nikaido, Masataka; Law, Edward; Kelsh, Robert N.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054833

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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Section: Conservation Of a Wnt Signaling Network In Deuterostomes?mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Expression studies show that fzl1, fzl2, fzl7a, fzl7b, and fzl5 are all expressed in the neuroectoderm during ANE restriction. Functional studies show that Fzl8a, Wnt1, Wnt8 are necessary for ANE restriction and that Dkk1 and sFrp1 are necessary to protect the ANE from downregulation by the ANE restriction mechanism (Hsu et al, 2010;Kim et al, 1998Kim et al, , 2002Lagutin et al, 2003;Lekven et al, 2001;Nikaido et al, 2013;Shinya et al, 2000;Sumanas et al, 2000;Tendeng and Houart, 2006). positioned around the anterior pole in the sea star in absence of Wnt/b-catenin signaling (Yankura et al, 2013) suggest that the posterior-to-anterior Wnt/b-catenin-to-Wnt/JNK signaling relay mechanism seen in the sea urchin may also exist in the sea star.…”

Section: Echinodermata/sea Starmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specification and positioning of the anterior neuroectoderm in deuterostome embryos

Range

2014

Genesis

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Summary: The molecular mechanisms used by deuterostome embryos (vertebrates, urochordates, cephalochordates, hemichordates, and echinoderms) to specify and then position the anterior neuroectoderm (ANE) along the anterior-posterior axis are incompletely understood. Studies in several deuterostome embryos suggest that the ANE is initially specified by an early, broad regulatory state. Then, a posterior-to-anterior wave of respecification restricts this broad ANE potential to the anterior pole. In vertebrates, sea urchins and hemichordates a posterior-anterior gradient of Wnt/b-catenin signaling plays an essential and conserved role in this process. Recent data collected from the basal deuterostome sea urchin embryo suggests that positioning the ANE to the anterior pole involves more than the Wnt/bcatenin pathway, instead relying on the integration of information from the Wnt/b-catenin, Wnt/JNK, and Wnt/ PKC pathways. Moreover, comparison of functional and expression data from the ambulacrarians, invertebrate chordates, and vertebrates strongly suggests that this Wnt network might be an ANE positioning mechanism shared by all deuterostomes. genesis 52:222-234. V C 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Key words: development; anterior neuroectoderm; evolution; regulatory networks Establishment of the anterior neuroectoderm (ANE) is a defining feature of the animal body plan, yet it is still unclear how this territory is created or how it evolved in deuterostome embryos (vertebrates, urochordates, cephalochordates, hemichordates, and echinoderms; Fig. 1). ANE structures range from the simple bundle of sensory neurons in sea urchin larvae to the complex vertebrate forebrain and eye field. In all deuterostome embryos the ANE starts out as a simple, flat neuroepithelium. In vertebrates this simple neuroepithelium later undergoes complicated molecular patterning and morphogenetic movements that produce the forebrain and eye field, which have made it difficult to fully understand the establishment of this territory. In contrast, there are few cell movements during specification and patterning of the ANE in invertebrate deuterostome embryos (urochordate, cephalochordate, hemichordates, and echinoderms), making these tractable model systems for studying the early gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that establish and position this territory. However, this simplicity has made it challenging to identify morphological homologies between the invertebrate deuterostomes and the vertebrates. Moreover, the ANE is placed at the anterior-dorsal side of chordate embryos, whereas it is generally established around the anterior pole in ambulacrarian embryos (hemichordates and echinoderms), complicating comparisons between these two groups. In spite of these significant morphological differences recent comparative gene expression and functional studies, coupled with high-throughput genome-wide assays, have provided new insight into early neuroectoderm specification and patterning in the invertebrate deuterostomes. These studies show that the GRNs und...

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Section: Conservation Of a Wnt Signaling Network In Deuterostomes?mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Echinodermata/sea Starmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specification and positioning of the anterior neuroectoderm in deuterostome embryos

Range

2014

Genesis

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“…Expression of fzd3a is ubiquitous in the developing nervous system [34, 39]. fzd3a rw689 mutants are morphologically normal but exhibit PCP-related defects in the nervous system including a defect in facial branchiomotor neuron migration in hindbrain [34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar cell polarity genes Frizzled3a, Vangl2, and Scribble are required for spinal commissural axon guidance

2016

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BackgroundA fundamental feature of early nervous system development is the guidance of axonal projections to their targets in order to assemble neural circuits that control behavior. Spinal commissural neurons are an attractive model to investigate the multiple guidance cues that control growth cone navigation both pre- and post-midline crossing, as well as along both the dorsal–ventral (D–V) and anterior–posterior (A–P) axes. Accumulating evidence suggests that guidance of spinal commissural axons along the A–P axis is dependent on components of the planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway. In the zebrafish, the earliest born spinal commissural neuron to navigate the midline and turn rostrally is termed commissural primary ascending (CoPA). Unlike mammalian systems, CoPA axons cross the midline as a single axon and allow an analysis of the role of PCP components in anterior pathfinding in single pioneering axons.ResultsHere, we establish CoPA cells in the zebrafish spinal cord as a model system for investigating the molecular function of planar cell polarity signaling in axon guidance. Using mutant analysis, we show that the functions of Fzd3a and Vangl2 in the anterior turning of commissural axons are evolutionarily conserved in teleosts. We extend our findings to reveal a role for the PCP gene scribble in the anterior guidance of CoPA axons. Analysis of single CoPA axons reveals that these commissural axons become responsive to PCP-dependent anterior guidance cues even prior to midline crossing. When midline crossing is prevented by dcc gene knockdown, ipsilateral CoPA axons still extend axons anteriorly in response to A–P guidance cues. We show that this ipsilateral anterior pathfinding that occurs in the absence of midline crossing is dependent on PCP signaling.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that anterior guidance decisions by CoPA axons are dependent on the function of planar cell polarity genes both prior to and after midline crossing.

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“…Digoxigenin (DIG)‐labeled fzd4 anti‐sense probe was made according to Reference . cDNA synthesis was performed as described above using total RNA from fzd4 +/ins10 heterozygous 24 hpf embryos.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frizzled 4 regulates ventral blood vessel remodeling in the zebrafish retina

Cáceres

Prykhozhij

Cairns

et al. 2019

Developmental Dynamics

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Background Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a lack of blood vessel growth to the periphery of the retina with secondary fibrovascular proliferation at the vascular‐avascular junction. These structurally abnormal vessels cause leakage and hemorrhage, while the fibroproliferative scarring results in retinal dragging, detachment and blindness. Mutations in the FZD4 gene represent one of the most common causes of FEVR. Methods A loss of function mutation resulting from a 10‐nucleotide insertion into exon 1 of the zebrafish fzd4 gene was generated using transcription activator‐like effector nucleases (TALENs). Structural and functional integrity of the retinal vasculature was examined by fluorescent microscopy and optokinetic responses. Results Zebrafish retinal vasculature is asymmetrically distributed along the dorsoventral axis, with active vascular remodeling on the ventral surface of the retina throughout development. fzd4 mutants exhibit disorganized ventral retinal vasculature with discernable tubular fusion by week 8 of development. Furthermore, fzd4 mutants have impaired optokinetic responses requiring increased illumination. Conclusion We have generated a visually impaired zebrafish FEVR model exhibiting abnormal retinal vasculature. These fish provide a tractable system for studying vascular biology in retinovascular disorders, and demonstrate the feasibility of using zebrafish for evaluating future FEVR genes identified in humans.

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A Systematic Survey of Expression and Function of Zebrafish frizzled Genes

Cited by 37 publications

References 91 publications

Specification and positioning of the anterior neuroectoderm in deuterostome embryos

Specification and positioning of the anterior neuroectoderm in deuterostome embryos

Planar cell polarity genes Frizzled3a, Vangl2, and Scribble are required for spinal commissural axon guidance

Frizzled 4 regulates ventral blood vessel remodeling in the zebrafish retina

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