A Technique for the Exposure and Detection of Inhaled Aerosols in Poultry

Abstract

The respiratory activity of poultry is highly susceptible to changes in respiratory dead space volume, airstream pressure, ambient temperature, and body position. A technique has been developed which will minimize these variables; yet permit the exposure and detection of inhaled aerosols. Monodispersed latex spheres of a known size are radioactively labeled following polymerization of iodine-127 onto the surface of the spheres. The bird is anesthetized and placed in a whole-body plethysmography. The liquid dispersed latex spheres are aerosolized from a nebulizer attached to a 10 p.s.i.g. compressed air line. The particles are electrostatically neutralized and routed to a plenum at near ambient pressure. The bird breathes at will through a unidirectional mask attached to the plenum. Following exposure the bird is euthanatized, the plethysmograph calibrated and the deposition in the respiratory tract measured at each of seven sections by a collimated, scintillation detector.

Induction of respiratory immune responses in the chicken; implications for development of mucosal avian influenza virus vaccines

“…For respiratory application, particles should be designed in such a way that they can also reach the lung tissue itself to be taken up by RT-DC. Particles in size ranging from 1 to 3.7 mm can be expected to distribute throughout the RT (Hayter and Besch 1974;Hayter 1977;Corbanie et al 2006;Tell et al 2006). When a vaccine is designed for a rapid intervention strategy, a possible approach could be the activation of the innate immune system by, for instance, CT-B (Matsuo et al 2000), resulting in a partial protection until the adaptive immune system is activated.…”