A temperate bacteriophage of <i>Clostridium perfringens</i>

Mahony, D. E.; Kalz, G. G.

doi:10.1139/m68-183

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Strain s9 when cured of its prophage, s9, with ultraviolet (u.v.) light (Mahony & Kalz, 1968) was designated as s9c. Phage s9 produced a lytic effect on s9c.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clostridium perfringens strain s9 (0.1 ml, containing 105 exponential-phase organisms) was spread on the surface of a plate of the agar medium of Mahony & Kalz (1968). The inoculated plate was irradiated with the two U.V.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mahony & Kalz (1968) isolated and characterized a temperate phage from cells of a lysogenic strain of C. perfringens, sg, which they induced with ultraviolet light. This phage showed incomplete lysis of broth cultures with latent and release periods of 45 min each in indicator strain s13.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Numbers of Heat-resistant Spores Produced by Two Strains of Clostridium perfringens Bearing Temperate Phage s9

Stewart¹,

Johnson²

1977

Journal of General Microbiology

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Sporulation kinetics and spore heat resistance data were compared for a lysogenic strain of Clostridium perfringens, sg, before and after curing with ultraviolet irradiation. The cured strain showed the same growth rate in broth media as the lysogenic strain but took 6 h longer to form refractile spores. For lysogenized and cured strains the percentages of refractile spores produced that were heat-resistant (80 "C for 15 min) were 50 and 0.2, respectively. When reinfected with the temperate phage, the cured strain produced spores in 2 to 3 h, like the original lysogenic culture, and 10 % of the spores produced were heat-resistant. No studies of effects of bacteriophages on spore production by C . perfringens have, to our knowledge, been reported. Duncan, Strong & Sebald (1972) reported that the temperate phages they tested apparently did not affect enterotoxin production. Any such information would be very useful because these workers have presented convincing evidence that C. perfringens produces a protein enterotoxin during sporulation. Certain strains during sporulation apparently overproduce a spore coat protein that is antigenically like the enterotoxin. Sporulation-negative mutants produced little or no enterotoxin (Duncan, 1973 ; Duncan, King & Frieben, 1973). Their evidence therefore suggests that any treatment which reduces sporulation of C. perfringens will also reduce enterotoxin production and hence decrease the organism's ability to cause foodborne illness.In vitro studies with strains of C. perfringens generally show relatively low spore to bacterium ratios of 0.01 to 0.10. If the model of Duncan et al. (1972) is correct, however, this organism must sporulate well in vivo since it is one of three major causes of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis in the United States.With this apparent paradox in mind, we examined the sporulation characteristics of two C. perfringens strains lysogenized or cured of bacteriophage. The hypothesis tested * Present address : Department of Natural Sciences, South Carolina State College, Orangeburg, South Carolina 291 15, U.S.A.

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“…Strain s9 when cured of its prophage, s9, with ultraviolet (u.v.) light (Mahony & Kalz, 1968) was designated as s9c. Phage s9 produced a lytic effect on s9c.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Increased Numbers of Heat-resistant Spores Produced by Two Strains of Clostridium perfringens Bearing Temperate Phage s9

Stewart¹,

Johnson²

1977

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Temperate and virulent phages are associated with the bacterium, for which there is no genomic sequence [12, 19, 37, 40, 50, 51, 62, 65, 76, 79, 82], and a phage-typing system was developed for the organism [86]. Zimmer et al [88] isolated two temperate phages by UV irradiation (Φ3626 and Φ8533) of lysogenic C. perfringens cultures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium perfringens bacteriophages ΦCP39O and ΦCP26F: genomic organization and proteomic analysis of the virions

et al. 2010

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Poultry intestinal material, sewage and poultry processing drainage water were screened for virulent Clostridium perfringens bacteriophages. Viruses isolated from broiler chicken offal washes (O) and poultry feces (F), designated ΦCP39O and ΦCP26F, respectively, produced clear plaques on host strains. Both bacteriophages had isometric heads of 57 nm in diameter with 100-nm non-contractile tails characteristic of members of the family Siphoviridae in the order Caudovirales. The double-strand DNA genome of bacteriophage ΦCP39O was 38,753 base pairs (bp), while the ΦCP26F genome was 39,188 bp, with an average GC content of 30.3%. Both viral genomes contained 62 potential open reading frames (ORFs) predicted to be encoded on one strand. Among the ORFs, 29 predicted proteins had no known similarity while others encoded putative bacteriophage capsid components such as a pre-neck/appendage, tail, tape measure and portal proteins. Other genes encoded a predicted DNA primase, single-strand DNA-binding protein, terminase, thymidylate synthase and a transcription factor. Potential lytic enzymes such as a fibronectin-binding autolysin, an amidase/hydrolase and a holin were encoded in the viral genomes. Several ORFs encoded proteins that gave BLASTP matches with proteins from Clostridium spp. and other Gram-positive bacterial and bacteriophage genomes as well as unknown putative Collinsella aerofaciens proteins. Proteomics analysis of the purified viruses resulted in the identification of the putative pre-neck/appendage protein and a minor structural protein encoded by large open reading frames. Variants of the portal protein were identified, and several mycobacteriophage gp6-like protein variants were detected in large amounts relative to other virion proteins. The predicted amino acid sequences of the pre-neck/appendage proteins had major differences in the central portion of the protein between the two phage gene products. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the large terminase protein, these phages are predicted to be pac-type, using a head-full DNA packaging strategy.

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“…Following UV irradiation one lysogenic strain of C. perfringens resulted in isolation of a longtailed, DNA-containing bacteriophage with a non-contractile tail, designated CPT1 that produced turbid plaques. This phage had an eclipse phase of approximately 45 min with a maximum rise in titer 45 min following initial release of progeny virus (Mahony and Kalz, 1968). A second bacteriophage designated CPT4 with similar characteristics, but with a shorter tail as compared with CPT1, was also isolated by these investigators (Mahony & Easterbrook, 1970).…”

Section: Early Literature Reporting Bacteriophages Of Clostridium Permentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophages of Clostridium perfringens

Seal¹,

Volozhantsev²,

Oakley³

et al. 2012

Bacteriophages

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A temperate bacteriophage of Clostridium perfringens

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

Increased Numbers of Heat-resistant Spores Produced by Two Strains of Clostridium perfringens Bearing Temperate Phage s9

Increased Numbers of Heat-resistant Spores Produced by Two Strains of Clostridium perfringens Bearing Temperate Phage s9

Clostridium perfringens bacteriophages ΦCP39O and ΦCP26F: genomic organization and proteomic analysis of the virions

Bacteriophages of Clostridium perfringens

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