A Tertiary Care Center\'s Experience with Clinicopathological Characteristics of Gallbladder Carcinoma in Our Population

Akbar, Nishat; Yaseen, Raja Taha; Muhammad, Arz; Danish, Muhammad; Adeel, Muhammad; Khan, Shoaib; Ismail, Hina; Bajaj, Kiran; Ali, Imdad; Panezai, Muhammad Qaiser; Tareen, Munir; Tasneem, Abbas Ali; Laeeq, Syed Mudassir; Hanif, Farina; Luck, Nasir Hassan

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1375

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In addition to magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and cholangioscopy may be used to evaluate the common bile duct in the presence of obstructive jaundice. ERCP may also provide bile samples or brushings for cytological examination in doubtful cases[ 13 , 42 , 57 ].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GB carcinoma is closely associated with cholelithiasis and long-standing (> 20 years) large (> 3 cm) gallstones[ 12 ] in up to 90% of cases[ 9 , 13 - 15 ]. In approximately half of all cases, GB carcinoma is revealed in cholecystectomy specimens, and its incidence among specimens fluctuates between 0.19% and 1.6%[ 9 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other management options include chemotherapy and radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy by monoclonal antibody biological agents[ 41 - 45 ]. The current rapidly evolving, multimodal therapeutic approach[ 46 ] and Medicaid expansion[ 47 ] have improved the results, opening new perspectives even in inoperable cases involving palliative treatment[ 4 , 13 , 48 - 50 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

Pavlidis,

Galanis,

Pavlidis

2024

World J Gastrointest Oncol

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Gallbladder (GB) carcinoma, although relatively rare, is the most common biliary tree cholangiocarcinoma with aggressiveness and poor prognosis. It is closely associated with cholelithiasis and long-standing large (> 3 cm) gallstones in up to 90% of cases. The other main predisposing factors for GB carcinoma include molecular factors such as mutated genes, GB wall calcification (porcelain) or mainly mucosal microcalcifications, and GB polyps ≥ 1 cm in size. Diagnosis is made by ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and, more precisely, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Preoperative staging is of great importance in decision-making regarding therapeutic management. Preoperative staging is based on MRI findings, the leading technique for liver metastasis imaging, enhanced three-phase CT angiography, or magnetic resonance angiography for major vessel assessment. It is also necessary to use positron emission tomography (PET)-CT or 18F-FDG PET-MRI to more accurately detect metastases and any other occult deposits with active metabolic uptake. Staging laparoscopy may detect dissemination not otherwise found in 20%-28.6% of cases. Multimodality treatment is needed, including surgical resection, targeted therapy by biological agents according to molecular testing gene mapping, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. It is of great importance to understand the updated guidelines and current treatment options. The extent of surgical intervention depends on the disease stage, ranging from simple cholecystectomy (T1a) to extended resections and including extended cholecystectomy (T1b), with wide lymph node resection in every case or IV-V segmentectomy (T2), hepatic trisegmentectomy or major hepatectomy accompanied by hepaticojejunostomy Roux-Y, and adjacent organ resection if necessary (T3). Laparoscopic or robotic surgery shows fewer postoperative complications and equivalent oncological outcomes when compared to open surgery, but much attention must be paid to avoiding injuries. In addition to surgery, novel targeted treatment along with immunotherapy and recent improvements in radiotherapy and chemotherapy (neoadjuvant-adjuvant capecitabine, cisplatin, gemcitabine) have yielded promising results even in inoperable cases calling for palliation (T4). Thus, individualized treatment must be applied.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

Pavlidis,

Galanis,

Pavlidis

2024

World J Gastrointest Oncol

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“…The major etiological factors of GBC include Chronic inflammation and, a history of gallstones (cholelithiasis), and the risk increases with gallstone size, chronicity, and burden of symptoms 2 . GBC is often asymptomatic, detected at the advanced stage when it becomes very aggressive leading to poor prognosis 2 , 3 . The delay in detection often limits the effectiveness of treatment options.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico analysis unveiling potential biomarkers in gallbladder carcinogenesis

Gupta,

Bhushan,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare but very aggressive most common digestive tract cancer with a high mortality rate due to delayed diagnosis at the advanced stage. Moreover, GBC progression shows asymptomatic characteristics making it impossible to detect at an early stage. In these circumstances, conventional therapy like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy becomes refractive. However, few studies reported some molecular markers like KRAS (Kirsten Rat Sarcoma) mutation, upregulation of HER2/neu, EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor), and microRNAs in GBC. However, the absence of some specific early diagnostic and prognostic markers is the biggest hurdle for the therapy of GBC to date. The present study has been designed to identify some specific molecular markers for precise diagnosis, and prognosis, for successful treatment of the GBC. By In Silico a network-centric analysis of two microarray datasets; (GSE202479) and (GSE13222) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, shows 50 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with GBC. Further network analysis revealed that 12 genes are highly interconnected based on the highest MCODE (Molecular Complex Detection) value, among all three genes; TRIP13 (Thyroid Receptor Interacting Protein), NEK2 (Never in Mitosis gene-A related Kinase 2), and TPX2 (Targeting Protein for Xklp2) having highest network interaction with transcription factors and miRNA suggesting critically associated with GBC. Further survival analysis data corroborate the association of these genes; TRIP13, NEK2, and TPX2 with GBC. Thus, TRIP13, NEK2, and TPX2 genes are significantly correlated with a greater risk of mortality, transforming them from mere biomarkers of the GBC for early detections and may emerge as prognostic markers for treatment.

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A Tertiary Care Center\'s Experience with Clinicopathological Characteristics of Gallbladder Carcinoma in Our Population

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

New trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

New trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

In silico analysis unveiling potential biomarkers in gallbladder carcinogenesis

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