A Three-Dimensional Non-Local Quantum Vacuum as the Origin of Photons

Abstract

A model of a three-dimensional quantum vacuum defined by the processes of creation/annihilation of quanta corresponding to elementary energy density fluctuations is proposed. In it, a photon is not a primary physical reality but emerges itself as a special state of the three-dimensional quantum vacuum. In this model, the three-dimensional quantum vacuum has a ground state which acts as a “cosmic reservoir” of photons, which emits and absorbs photons and Planck’s law of the spectral distribution of the energy radiated by a black body derives from the fundamental processes in the three-dimensional quantum vacuum, in particular, in the context of a quantization volume responsible for the appearance of photons. Finally, the idea of the Lamb shift of hydrogenoid atoms as a phenomenon determined by the ground state of the quantum vacuum which acts as a reservoir of photons is explored.

Dark Matter Puzzle Solution

“…The source of light is activating the virtual photons that are in the superfluid space. Photons are not created in the source of the light, the source only activates virtual photons that are present in the entire universal space [10]. When the source of light is moving in the space also surrounding space is moving with the source.…”

Mass Gap Problem Physical Solution

“…Are they hidden somewhere on the atomic structure of the Hydrogen? They are not hidden in the atomic structure; they are hidden in the space [3]. By heating gas, we are also heating the vacuum, because hydrogen atoms exist in the vacuum.…”

Mass Gap Problem Physical Solution

“…Are they hidden somewhere on the atomic structure of the Hydrogen? They are not hidden in the atomic structure; they are hidden in the space [4]. By heating gas, we are also heating the vacuum, because hydrogen atoms exist in the vacuum.…”