A tonpilz projector for use in an underwater horn

Abstract

Tonpilz transducer head piston diameters are usually about one-half wavelength in diameter, so that ‘‘rho-c’’ radiation loading will be approximately achieved. However, for this underwater tracking application, the transducer is required to fit inside the throat of a 360-deg horn. The piston diameter is limited to 1 in., or about 0.22 wavelength at the resonance frequency, 13 kHz. The design is based on a lumped-element model. The PZT-8 ring stack is 2 in. long with an outer diameter of 0.5 in. and an inner diameter of 0.25 in. The head mass is 0.25-in.-thick aluminum, and the tail mass is tungsten, with a mass of 86 g. The transducer is isolated from its cylindrical housing with a syntactic foam spring. An O-ring piston seal is used, and a similar O-ring provides support for the tail mass. The results of free-field measurements will be presented and compared with the model, which will then be used to predict the performance after installation in the horn. [Work supported by Naval Air Systems Command.]

Design of Piezoelectric Acoustic Transducers for Underwater Applications

“…Early tonpilz transducers had piston-shaped back masses, an active material, and a head mass. They also produced significant output pressures but with a relatively narrow bandwidth compared with those that were developed more recently [ 98 ]. Attempts to transform the head mass shape, one of the main components of the tonpilz transducer, are ongoing.…”

Dynamic response of an insonified sonar window interacting with a Tonpilz transducer array

“…4 Equivalent circuit models have been derived and analyzed. 5 ' 6 ' 7 Sonar window models have been previously studied. Insertion loss and echo reduction measurements are common in the literature.…”

Método de otimização topológica aplicado ao projeto de sonotrodos para transdutores piezelétricos.

“…proposto inicialmente por Sigmund (1997). Considerando a densidade constante sob cada elemento da malha de elementos finitos, Sigmund (1997) Baseado no filtro proposto por Swan e Kosaka (1997), Cardoso e Fonseca (1999) propuseram um filtro espacial no qual a pseudo-densidade volumétrica de cada elemento passa a depender, não apenas dos elementos vizinhos, mas de todos os elementos que se encontram dentro de um raio previamente estipulado. Neste filtro, que pode ser esquematizado como na Fig.…”