A tRNA Gene Mapping Within the Chloroplast rDNA Cluster is Differentially Expressed During the Development of Daucus carota

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Entire plastid phylogeny of the carrot genus (Daucus, Apiaceae): Concordance with nuclear data and mitochondrial and nuclear DNA insertions to the plastid

“…Th e wide range of sequence variation and large number of species included in this study provide an opportunity to evaluate the level of conservation of the pt-Dc MP functional sequences. Th e 3 ′ -end of the pt-Dc MP sequence contains three plastid trnV promoters, designated P1, P2, and P3 ( Manna et al, 1994 ). Across all the samples harboring the pt-Dc MP insertion, SVs resulted in the deletion of the P1 or P2 promoter sequences in at least one of the species included in this study ( Fig.…”

“…trnV (green) represent the region coding for the trnV-GAC gene in the carrot plastid genome. P1, P2, and P3 indicate the location of the three putative promoters of the D. carota trnV ( Manna et al, 1994 ). The vertical gray lines "R" indicate the location of the 6-bp direct repeat fl anking the Dc MP insertion in D. carota and described by Iorizzo et al (2012a) .…”

“…In contrast with this view, in carrot the Dc MP sequence integrated three new functional promoters (P1, P2, and P3) located 105, 41, and 16 bp upstream of trnV , respectively, at the 3 ′ -Dc MP insertion junction. According to Manna et al (1994) , all three promoters are expressed in carrot cells and were responsible for the diff erential expression of trnV during embryogenesis. Assuming that all three promoters have a functional role, we expect their sequences to be conserved.…”

“…Th e fi rst confi rmed instance in fl owering plants of mt-to-pt transfer was in carrot as described by Iorizzo et al (2012b) . Th is insertion, designated Dc MP, is part of the 3 ′ rps12 -trnV -GAC plastid intergenic spacer and has been suggested to have a functional role in the plastid genome ( Manna et al, 1994 ). Th e Dc MP sequence contains three functional promoters (designated as P1, P2, and P3) of the tRNA-Val ( trnV ) gene and has replaced two original promoter sequences (P4 and P5) that are conserved in the plastid genomes of other fl owering plants ( Tohdoh et al, 1981 ;Iorizzo et al, 2012a ).…”

Unique Architecture of the Plastid Ribosomal RNA Operon Promoter Recognized by the Multisubunit RNA Polymerase in Tobacco and Other Higher Plants

“…Transcription of the plastid rRNA operon ( rrn ) in higher plants is from diverse promoters. The rrn operon in tobacco is transcribed by the multisubunit, plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) from a 70 -type promoter (PrrnP1) (Vera and Sugiura, 1995), as in most higher plants, including maize (Strittmatter et al, 1985), pea (Sun et al, 1989), carrot (Manna et al, 1994), rice (Silhavy and Maliga, 1998), barley (Hubschmann and Borner, 1998), and Arabidopsis (Sriraman et al, 1998a). In tobacco, in addition to the PrrnP1 PEP promoter, rrn is transcribed from a second promoter, PrrnP2, which is recognized by the nucleus-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (Vera and Sugiura, 1995;Allison et al, 1996).…”