A Unique Case of Cutaneous Larva Migrans and Asymptomatic Löeffler’s Syndrome

Ng, Jason Cm; Lee, Daniel; Kryzstofiak, Marek

doi:10.7759/cureus.15960

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…Parasitic infections, such as those caused by canine hookworms, should be included as a differential diagnosis for cases of human eosinophilic gastroenteritis (Sunkara et al 2019). Additionally, larval migration of immature worms through the respiratory tract may result in Loeffler syndrome, a form of eosinophilic pneumonia associated with cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis (Jourdan et al 2018;Loukas et al 2016;Ng et al 2021).…”

Section: Pathology Of Zoonotic Hookworm Infections In Humans and Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancylostoma ceylanicum and other zoonotic canine hookworms: neglected public and animal health risks in the Asia–Pacific region

Tenorio,

Tabios,

Inpankaew

et al. 2024

Animal Diseases

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Zoonotic hookworm infections remain a significant public health problem, causing nearly 500 million cases globally and approximately four million disability-adjusted life years lost annually. More than one-fifth of these cases are attributed to Ancylostoma ceylanicum, an emerging zoonotic health issue in the Asia-Pacific region. This review presents key research gaps regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, control, prevention and elimination of A. ceylanicum and other canine zoonotic hookworms as neglected health threats. A. ceylanicum is the second most prevalent human hookworm in the region; it is the most common hookworm among dogs and cats-reservoirs of zoonotic infections. Previous population genetic and phylogenetic analyses revealed that A. ceylanicum has three possible transmission dynamics: zoonotic, animal-only, and human-only pathways. The actual burden of zoonotic ancylostomiasis in most endemic countries remains unknown due to the use of parasitological techniques (e.g., Kato-Katz thick smear and floatation techniques) that have reduced diagnostic performance and do not allow accurate species identification in helminth surveys. The emergence of benzimidazole resistance in soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), including hookworms, is a concern due to the protracted implementation of mass drug administration (MDA). Resistance is conferred by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that occur in the β-tubulin isotype 1 gene. These mutations have been reported in drug-resistant A. caninum but have not been found in A. ceylanicum in the field. A. ceylanicum remains understudied in the Asia-Pacific region. The zoonotic nature of the parasite warrants investigation of its occurrence in human and animal reservoir hosts to understand the dynamics of zoonotic transmission in different endemic foci. The detection of benzimidazole resistance-associated SNPs in zoonotic hookworms from Asia-Pacific countries has yet to be thoroughly explored. Considering the high level of hookworm endemicity in the region, the circulation of resistant isolates between humans and animals potentially presents a significant One Health threat that can undermine current MDA and proposed animal deworming-based control efforts.

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Section: Pathology Of Zoonotic Hookworm Infections In Humans and Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancylostoma ceylanicum and other zoonotic canine hookworms: neglected public and animal health risks in the Asia–Pacific region

Tenorio,

Tabios,

Inpankaew

et al. 2024

Animal Diseases

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Loeffler's Syndrome and Multifocal Cutaneous Larva Migrans

Sil

Bhanja

Chandra

et al. 2023

Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J

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Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a zoonotic skin disease that is frequently diagnosed in tropical and subtropical countries. Loeffler’s syndrome (LS) is a transient respiratory ailment characterized by pulmonary infiltration along with peripheral eosinophilia and commonly follows parasitic infestation. We report here an interesting case of a patient presenting with LS that was attributed secondary to multifocal CLM. Treatment with seven-day course of oral albendazole (400mg daily) coupled with nebulization (levosalbutamol and budesonide) led to complete resolution of cutaneous lesions and respiratory complaints in two weeks. There was complete resolution of pulmonary pathology at 4 weeks follow-up. As there are only a few reported cases of LS associated with CLM, we also reviewed the literature on this rare association. Keywords: Loeffler's syndrome; peripheral eosinophilia; cutaneous larva migrans; multifocal; disseminated; helminths, albendazole.

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A Unique Case of Cutaneous Larva Migrans and Asymptomatic Löeffler’s Syndrome

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Ancylostoma ceylanicum and other zoonotic canine hookworms: neglected public and animal health risks in the Asia–Pacific region

Ancylostoma ceylanicum and other zoonotic canine hookworms: neglected public and animal health risks in the Asia–Pacific region

Loeffler's Syndrome and Multifocal Cutaneous Larva Migrans

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